Nemzek W R
Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento 95817, USA.
Top Magn Reson Imaging. 1996 Jun;8(3):132-54.
The trigeminal nerve is described in terms of segmental anatomy and regional pathology. The common brain stem lesions are neoplasms, vascular disease, and demyelinating processes. Common lesions affecting the cisternal segment and Meckel's cave are schwannoma, meningioma, epidermoid, vascular ectasia, and aneurysm. Common lesions affecting the cavernous segment include meningioma, trigeminal schwannoma, lymphoma, metastasis, and vascular lesions. Skull base abnormalities include chordoma, chondrosarcoma, metastasis, bone dysplasias, and Paget's disease. The peripheral divisions of the trigeminal nerve are commonly involved by adjacent inflammatory disease in the sinuses, perineural spread of malignancy, and schwannoma. Unfortunately, the anatomic site of a lesion cannot be accurately predicted on the basis of clinical symptomatology. Successful imaging evaluation must include the entire course of the trigeminal nerve from the brain stem and upper cervical cord through the peripheral branches.
三叉神经是根据节段性解剖和局部病理学来描述的。常见的脑干病变有肿瘤、血管疾病和脱髓鞘病变。影响脑池段和梅克尔腔的常见病变有神经鞘瘤、脑膜瘤、表皮样囊肿、血管扩张和动脉瘤。影响海绵窦段的常见病变包括脑膜瘤、三叉神经鞘瘤、淋巴瘤、转移瘤和血管病变。颅底异常包括脊索瘤、软骨肉瘤、转移瘤、骨发育异常和佩吉特病。三叉神经的周围分支通常会受到鼻窦相邻炎症性疾病、恶性肿瘤的神经周围扩散和神经鞘瘤的影响。不幸的是，无法根据临床症状准确预测病变的解剖部位。成功的影像学评估必须包括从脑干和上颈髓到周围分支的整个三叉神经走行。
