Balczon R
Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile 36688, USA.
Int Rev Cytol. 1996;169:25-82. doi: 10.1016/s0074-7696(08)61984-1.
The centrosome is the principal microtubule-organizing center in mammalian cells. Until recently, the centrosome could only be studied at the ultrastructural level and defined as a functional entity. However, during the past decade a number of clever experimental strategies have been used to identify numerous molecular components of the centrosome. The identification of biochemical subunits of the centrosome complex has allowed the centrosome to be investigated in much more detail, resulting in important advances being made in our understanding of microtubule nucleation events, spindle formation, the assembly and replication of the centrosome, and the nature of the microtubule-organizing centers in plant cells and lower eukaryotes. The next several years should see additional rapid progress in our understanding of the microtubule cytoskeleton as investigators begin to assign functions to the centrosome proteins that have already been reported and as additional centrosome components are discovered.
中心体是哺乳动物细胞中主要的微管组织中心。直到最近，中心体还只能在超微结构水平上进行研究，并被定义为一个功能实体。然而，在过去十年中，人们运用了许多巧妙的实验策略来鉴定中心体的众多分子成分。中心体复合体生化亚基的鉴定使得对中心体的研究能够更加深入，从而在我们对微管成核事件、纺锤体形成、中心体的组装和复制以及植物细胞和低等真核生物中微管组织中心的性质的理解方面取得了重要进展。随着研究人员开始赋予已报道的中心体蛋白功能，并发现更多的中心体成分，在未来几年里，我们对微管细胞骨架的理解应该会有更多迅速的进展。
