Stengel P W, Yiamouyiannis C A, Obenchain R L, Cockerham S L, Silbaugh S A
Cardiovascular Research, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, USA.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1995 Dec;79(6):2148-53. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1995.79.6.2148.
Postmortem pulmonary gas trapping was investigated as an index of in vivo airway obstruction following methacholine inhalation in four different rodent species. Male guinea pigs (Hartley), hamsters (golden Syrian), mice (A/J, BALB/c, and ICR), and rats (Brown-Norway, Fischer 344, Lewis, and Sprague-Dawley) were exposed to aerosols of methacholine or sodium chloride. Maximum excised lung gas volumes (ELGV) of methacholine-exposed guinea pigs, hamsters, mice, and rats were 2.3-8.7 times those of sodium chloride-treated animals. Mean ELGV values of sodium chloride-exposed animals ranged from 1.50 +/- 0.20 ml/kg for guinea pigs to 2.75 +/- 0.20 ml/kg for Brown-Norway rats. Although all species responded to methacholine, guinea pigs were the most responsive, with approximately 1.6 microgram/kg of inhaled methacholine needed to increase ELGV to 200% of control. Compared with guinea pigs, hamsters, mice, and rats were 11- to 1,395-fold less responsive. Although hamsters, mice, and rats are less sensitive than guinea pigs to the airway-obstructive effects of methacholine, pulmonary gas trapping appears useful as a measure of airway responses in these species.
研究了死后肺气体潴留作为四种不同啮齿动物吸入乙酰甲胆碱后体内气道阻塞指标的情况。雄性豚鼠（哈特利种）、仓鼠（金黄叙利亚种）、小鼠（A/J、BALB/c和ICR种）以及大鼠（布朗-挪威种、费希尔344种、刘易斯种和斯普拉格-道利种）暴露于乙酰甲胆碱或氯化钠气雾剂中。暴露于乙酰甲胆碱的豚鼠、仓鼠、小鼠和大鼠的最大离体肺气体体积（ELGV）是氯化钠处理动物的2.3至8.7倍。暴露于氯化钠的动物的平均ELGV值范围从豚鼠的1.50±0.20毫升/千克到布朗-挪威大鼠的2.75±0.20毫升/千克。尽管所有物种对乙酰甲胆碱都有反应，但豚鼠反应最为敏感，吸入约1.6微克/千克的乙酰甲胆碱即可使ELGV增加至对照值的200%。与豚鼠相比，仓鼠、小鼠和大鼠的反应性低11至1395倍。尽管仓鼠、小鼠和大鼠对乙酰甲胆碱的气道阻塞作用不如豚鼠敏感，但肺气体潴留似乎可作为这些物种气道反应的一种测量方法。
