Yiamouyiannis C A, Stengel P W, Cockerham S L, Silbaugh S A
Lily Research Laboratories Eli Lilly and Company Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA.
Respir Physiol. 1995 Oct;102(1):97-104. doi: 10.1016/0034-5687(95)00044-e.
We exposed A/J mice to several challenge aerosols and measured gas trapped within excised lungs by quantitating their buoyancy in saline (Archimedes' principle). The temporal stability of the excised lung gas volume (ELGV) measurement was also examined. ELGV increased in a dose proportional manner with increasing concentrations of methacholine and reached a maximum of 338 +/- 33% above vehicle-exposed controls. The A/J mice were 100 times more responsive to aerosol methacholine compared to hyporesponsive C3H/HeJ mice. Aerosol challenges of U-46619, a thromboxane A2 mimetic, and serotonin resulted in a 40% and 135% increase in ELGV's versus their controls, respectively. ELGV's were not increased after aerosols of leukotriene C4, histamine, substance P, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenyl-alanine and platelet activating factor. Both normal (filtered air-exposed) and hyperinflated (methacholine-exposed) excised lungs lost about 10% of their initial volume by 30 min and 40-65% of initial volume by 4 h. Occlusion of the trachea in either group did not affect the total gas lost, suggesting that majority of the gas loss was via transpleural diffusion. We conclude that determination of ELGV in mice, when performed soon after challenge testing, is a simple, rapid and reliable estimate of airway obstruction.
我们将A/J小鼠暴露于几种激发气雾剂中，并通过测定其在盐水中的浮力（阿基米德原理）来测量切除肺内捕获的气体。还检查了切除肺气体体积（ELGV）测量的时间稳定性。随着乙酰甲胆碱浓度的增加，ELGV呈剂量依赖性增加，比暴露于赋形剂的对照组最高增加338±33%。与反应低下的C3H/HeJ小鼠相比，A/J小鼠对气雾剂乙酰甲胆碱的反应性高100倍。血栓素A2模拟物U-46619和气雾剂5-羟色胺激发后，ELGV分别比其对照组增加40%和135%。白三烯C4、组胺、P物质、N-甲酰甲硫氨酰-亮氨酰-苯丙氨酸和血小板活化因子气雾剂激发后，ELGV未增加。正常（暴露于过滤空气）和过度充气（暴露于乙酰甲胆碱）的切除肺在30分钟内均损失约10%的初始体积，在4小时内损失40-65%的初始体积。两组中气管阻塞均不影响气体总损失，提示大部分气体损失是通过胸膜扩散。我们得出结论，在激发试验后不久测定小鼠的ELGV，是一种简单、快速且可靠的气道阻塞评估方法。
