Periosteal ganglion: a report of three new cases including MRI findings and a review of the literature.

OBJECTIVE

To clarify the clinicopathological features of periosteal ganglion.

DESIGN

Three patients with periosteal ganglion were studied clinicopathologically.

PATIENTS

One patient was selected from the files of our institute and two from a consultation file.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION

All three lesions were located over the medial aspect of the tibia. Plain radiographs showed cortical erosions of varying degrees and mild periosteal reaction of the medial side of the tibia. MR images demonstrated well-circumscribed lesions overlying the cortical bone of the tibia, shown as low-intensity areas on T1-weighted images. On T2-weighted images, lesions were homogeneous, lobulated, and showed a characteristic markedly increased signal intensity. These findings are helpful in making a diagnosis of periosteal ganglion. Each patient had an uneventful clinical course after an excision involving the wall of the ganglion, the adjoining periosteum, and the underlying sclerotic cortical bone.