Levin P F, Hewitt J B, Misner S T
AAOHN J. 1996 Jul;44(7):326-31.
Homicide is the leading cause of fatal occupational injuries for women and accounts for 39% of all fatal injuries for women at work. Using medical examiner and coroner reports, this study analyzed female workplace homicides in three counties within metropolitan Chicago from 1984 to 1990. These workplace homicides were compared to non-workplace homicides of women. There were 1,354 female homicides; of the 17 workplace homicides, all occurred in Cook County. The annual rate of female occupational homicides was higher (1.5/10(5)) for Cook County, while for the metropolitan Chicago area (Cook, DuPage, and Lake counties) it was 1.19/10(5). Black women experienced a higher workplace homicide rate (2.3/10(5)) than white women (1.2/10(5)). Most of these occupational homicides occurred in retail trade, predominately in eating and drinking establishments; robbery was a frequent occurrence, and the women often worked alone. Only three medical examiner reports cited a known assailant. The leading cause of death was from gunshot wounds. Workplace homicides were similar to non-workplace homicides in relation to age, race, and cause of death. Identified risk factors associated with workplace homicides, as well as non-fatal assaults, should be used to develop effective preventive measures. A national standard for general workplace security also is needed.
杀人是女性致命职业伤害的首要原因，占女性工作中所有致命伤害的39%。本研究利用法医和验尸官报告，分析了1984年至1990年芝加哥大都市地区三个县的女性职场杀人案。这些职场杀人案与女性非职场杀人案进行了比较。共有1354起女性杀人案；17起职场杀人案均发生在库克县。库克县女性职业杀人案的年发生率较高（1.5/10⁵），而芝加哥大都市地区（库克、杜佩奇和莱克县）为1.19/10⁵。黑人女性的职场杀人案发生率（2.3/10⁵）高于白人女性（1.2/10⁵）。这些职业杀人案大多发生在零售业，主要是饮食场所；抢劫时有发生，而且这些女性经常独自工作。只有三份法医报告提到了已知的袭击者。主要死因是枪伤。职场杀人案在年龄、种族和死因方面与非职场杀人案相似。与职场杀人案以及非致命袭击相关的已确定风险因素应用于制定有效的预防措施。还需要制定一般职场安全的国家标准。
