Nunley M
Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant 48859, USA.
Cult Med Psychiatry. 1996 Jun;20(2):165-97. doi: 10.1007/BF00115861.
Psychiatrists, though they occupy relatively high status positions, are nevertheless individuals whose motives and attitudes are in large part culturally determined and whose choices are culturally constrained. This paper examines cultural factors that may contribute to the tendency of psychiatrists at two general hospitals in northern India to rely heavily on multiple drug prescriptions and on electroconvulsive therapy (E.C.T.) in the treatment of their clients. What the author describes as an "epidemic" view of psychiatric pathology, the political economy of psychiatric care in India, the need to "sell" psychiatry as a legitimate kind of medicine by satisfying client expectations, and psychiatrists' relationship to other actors in India's pluralistic medical system are all presented as factors that encourage a reliance on pharmaceutical or somatic interventions in psychiatric settings.
精神科医生尽管占据相对较高的地位，但他们的动机和态度在很大程度上是由文化决定的，其选择也受到文化的限制。本文探讨了一些文化因素，这些因素可能导致印度北部两家综合医院的精神科医生在治疗患者时严重依赖多种药物处方和电休克疗法（ECT）。作者所描述的对精神病理学的“流行”观点、印度精神科护理的政治经济学、通过满足患者期望将精神病学“推销”为一种合法医学的必要性，以及精神科医生与印度多元化医疗体系中其他行为者的关系，都被视为鼓励在精神科环境中依赖药物或躯体干预的因素。
