Albanis T A, Hela D, Papakostas G, Goutner V
Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Epirus, Greece.
Sci Total Environ. 1996 Apr 5;182(1-3):11-9. doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(95)05030-2.
Concentrations of the principal organochlorine insecticides were determined in eggs and freshly dead chicks of the Squacco heron (Ardeola ralloides), Little Egret (Egretta garzetta) and Night Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax), as well as in frogs (Rana sp.), the main heron prey. Material was collected from the wetlands of the Thermaikos Gulf (Macedonia, northern Greece) in 1992 and 1993. Residues of the organochlorine pesticides alpha-BHC, beta-BHC, lindane, 4,4'-DDD, 4,4'-DDE, heptachlor and dieldrin were found in the eggs, chicks and prey of the herons. alpha-BHC, beta-BHC, and lindane had highest concentration in the Night Heron and lowest in the Little Egret. In all samples examined, the bioconcentration factors (BCF) of these compounds had very high values. BCF of pollutants for the eggs of the Squacco Heron were at lower levels than those of its chicks. BCF for frogs were in almost all cases lower than those for the other samples. Biomagnification factor (BMF) for 4,4'-DDE and beta-BHC had the highest values of all other compounds (except in the Night Heron). BMF for the eggs of the Squacco Heron were greater than for its chicks. Variation in the pesticide contents in the different heron species is attributed to different feeding habits; the exception being the occurrence of dieldrin in eggs only and 4,4'-DDE as a remnant of past spraying. Amounts of pesticides detected in this study are too low to affect eggshell thickness in the Squacco Heron or have other effects on the wildlife of the area.
测定了黄苇鳽（黄斑苇鳽）、小白鹭（白鹭）和夜鹭（夜鹭）的卵及刚死亡雏鸟，以及鹭类主要猎物青蛙（蛙属）体内主要有机氯杀虫剂的浓度。1992年和1993年从塞萨洛尼基湾（希腊北部马其顿）的湿地采集了样本。在鹭类的卵、雏鸟和猎物中发现了有机氯农药α-六六六、β-六六六、林丹、4,4'-滴滴滴、4,4'-滴滴伊、七氯和狄氏剂的残留。α-六六六、β-六六六和林丹在夜鹭体内的浓度最高，在小白鹭体内的浓度最低。在所有检测样本中，这些化合物的生物富集系数（BCF）值都非常高。黄苇鳽卵中污染物的BCF水平低于其雏鸟。青蛙的BCF在几乎所有情况下都低于其他样本。4,4'-滴滴伊和β-六六六的生物放大系数（BMF）在所有其他化合物中（夜鹭除外）是最高的。黄苇鳽卵的BMF大于其雏鸟。不同鹭类物种中农药含量的差异归因于不同的食性；例外情况是狄氏剂仅在卵中出现，以及4,4'-滴滴伊是过去喷洒的残留。本研究中检测到的农药量过低，不会影响黄苇鳽的蛋壳厚度，也不会对该地区的野生动物产生其他影响。
