Aminoff T, Smolander J, Korhonen O, Louhevaara V
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Department of Physiology, Laajaniityntie, Vantaa, Finland.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1996;73(1-2):180-5. doi: 10.1007/BF00262829.
Ten young (aged 23-30 years) and nine older (aged 54-59 years) healthy men with similar estimated limb muscle volumes performed, in random order, three different types of ergometer exercise tests (one-arm cranking, two-arm cranking, and two-leg cycling) up to the maximal level. Values for work load (WL), peak oxygen consumption (V0(2)), peak heart rate (HR), peak ventilation (V(E)), respiratory gas exchange ratio (R), recovery blood lactate concentration [La-], and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were compared between the age-groups in the given exercise modes. No significant age-related differences in WL, peak V0(2), peak HR, R, [La-], or RPE were found in one-arm or two-arm cranking. During one-arm cranking the mean peak V0(2) was 1.65 (SD 0.26)1min(-1) among the young men and 1.63 (SD 0.10)lmin(-1) among the older men. Corresponding mean peak V0(2) during two-arm cranking was 2.19 (SD 0.32)1min(-1) and 2.09 (SD 0.18)1min(-1), respectively. During one-arm cranking peak V(E) was higher (P <0.05) among the older men compared to the young men. During two-leg cycling the young men showed higher values in WL (P <0.001), peak V0(2) (P <0.001), and peak HR (P <0.001). The mean peak V0(2) was 3.54 (SD 0.24)1min(-1) among the young men and 3.02 (SD 0.20)1 . min(-1) among the older men. Corresponding mean peak HR was 182 (SD 5) beatsmin(-1) and 170 (SD 8) beats*min(-1), respectively. During two-leg cycling, peak V(E), R, [La-], and RPE did not differ between the two age-groups. In summary, the older men with similar sizes of estimated arm and leg muscle volumes as the young men had a reduced physical work capacity in two-leg cycling. In one-arm or two-arm cranking, no significant difference in work capacity was found between the age-groups. These results indicate, that in healthy men, age, at least up to the 6th decade of life, is not necessarily associated with a decline in physical work capacity in exercises using relatively small muscle groups, in which the limiting factors are more peripheral than central.
十名年轻（年龄23 - 30岁）和九名年长（年龄54 - 59岁）、估计肢体肌肉量相似的健康男性，以随机顺序进行三种不同类型的测力计运动测试（单臂曲柄运动、双臂曲柄运动和双腿骑行），直至达到最大水平。比较了不同年龄组在给定运动模式下的工作负荷（WL）、峰值耗氧量（V0₂）、峰值心率（HR）、峰值通气量（V(E)）、呼吸气体交换率（R）、恢复血乳酸浓度[La⁻]和主观用力程度分级（RPE）。在单臂或双臂曲柄运动中，未发现WL、峰值V0₂、峰值HR、R、[La⁻]或RPE存在与年龄相关的显著差异。在单臂曲柄运动中，年轻男性的平均峰值V0₂为1.65（标准差0.26）l·min⁻¹，年长男性为1.63（标准差0.10）l·min⁻¹。双臂曲柄运动期间相应的平均峰值V0₂分别为2.19（标准差0.32）l·min⁻¹和2.09（标准差0.18）l·min⁻¹。在单臂曲柄运动中，年长男性的峰值V(E)高于年轻男性（P <0.05）。在双腿骑行中，年轻男性在WL（P <0.001）、峰值V0₂（P <0.001）和峰值HR（P <0.001）方面的值更高。年轻男性的平均峰值V0₂为3.54（标准差0.24）l·min⁻¹，年长男性为3.02（标准差0.20）l·min⁻¹。相应的平均峰值HR分别为182（标准差5）次·min⁻¹和170（标准差8）次·min⁻¹。在双腿骑行中，两个年龄组的峰值V(E)、R、[La⁻]和RPE没有差异。总之，与年轻男性估计的手臂和腿部肌肉量相似的年长男性，在双腿骑行中的体力工作能力降低。在单臂或双臂曲柄运动中，不同年龄组之间的工作能力没有显著差异。这些结果表明，在健康男性中，至少到生命的第六个十年，年龄不一定与使用相对较小肌肉群的运动中体力工作能力的下降相关，在这些运动中，限制因素更多是外周而非中枢性的。
