Kopecný J, Hodrová B, Stewart C S
Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
Lett Appl Microbiol. 1996 Sep;23(3):199-202. doi: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.1996.tb00064.x.
The polycentric anaerobic fungus Orpinomyces joyonii A4 was cultivated on microcrystalline cellulose alone and in association with the rumen chitinolytic bacterium Clostridium sp. strain ChK5, which shows strong phenotypic similarity to Clostridium tertium. The presence of strain ChK5 significantly depressed the solubilization of microcrystalline cellulose, the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and the release of endoglucanase by the fungus. Co-culture of the monocentric anaerobic fungus Neocallimastix frontalis strain RE1, Neocallimastix sp. strain G-1 and Caecomyces sp. strain SC2 with strain ChK5 also resulted in depressed fungal cellulolysis. Cell-free supernatant fluids from strain ChK5 inhibited the release of reducing sugars from carboxymethylcellulose by cell-free supernatant fluids from O. joyonii strain A4. Strain 007 of the cellulolytic anaerobe Ruminococcus flavefaciens was also shown to produce small amounts of soluble products upon incubation with colloidal chitin. Mixtures of culture supernates from this bacterium and from O. joyonii strain A4 showed cellulase activity that was less than that of the component cultures. It is suggested that the ability of some rumen bacteria to hydrolyse or transform chitin may be an important factor in the interactions between bacteria and fungi in the rumen.
多中心厌氧真菌奥皮诺霉菌A4单独在微晶纤维素上培养，以及与瘤胃几丁质分解菌梭状芽孢杆菌ChK5联合培养，该菌与第三梭状芽孢杆菌表现出很强的表型相似性。ChK5菌株的存在显著抑制了微晶纤维素的溶解、短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的产生以及真菌内切葡聚糖酶的释放。单中心厌氧真菌额叶新美鞭菌RE1菌株、新美鞭菌G-1菌株和盲肠菌SC2菌株与ChK5菌株的共培养也导致真菌纤维素分解受到抑制。ChK5菌株的无细胞上清液抑制了奥皮诺霉菌A4菌株的无细胞上清液从羧甲基纤维素释放还原糖。纤维素分解厌氧瘤胃球菌黄化瘤胃球菌007菌株在与胶体几丁质孵育时也被证明会产生少量可溶性产物。该细菌和奥皮诺霉菌A4菌株的培养上清液混合物显示出的纤维素酶活性低于各组分培养物。有人认为，一些瘤胃细菌水解或转化几丁质的能力可能是瘤胃中细菌与真菌相互作用的一个重要因素。
