Murphy M C, Chapman C, Lovegrove J A, Isherwood S G, Morgan L M, Wright J W, Williams C M
Nutrition Research Group, School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 1996 Aug;50(8):491-7.
To determine the effect of altering meal frequency on postprandial lipaemia and associated parameters.
A randomized open cross over study to examine the programming effects of altering meal frequency. A standard test meal was given on three occasions following: (i) the normal diet; (ii) a period of two weeks on a nibbling and (iii) a period of two weeks on a gorging diet.
Free living subjects associated with the University of Surrey.
Eleven female volunteers (age 22 +/- 0.89 y) were recruited.
The subjects were requested to consume the same foods on either a nibbling diet (12 meals per day) or a gorging diet (three meals per day) for a period of two weeks. The standard test meal containing 80 g fat, 63 g carbohydrate and 20 g protein was administered on the day prior to the dietary intervention and on the day following each period of intervention.
Fasting and postprandial blood samples were taken for the analysis of plasma triacylglycerol, non-esterified fatty acids, glucose, immunoreactive insulin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide levels (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1), fasting total, low density lipoprotein (LDL)- and high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol concentrations and postheparin lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity measurements. Plasma paracetamol was measured following administration of a 1.5 g paracetamol load with the meal as an index of gastric emptying.
The compliance to the two dietary regimes was high and there were no significant differences between the nutrient intakes on the two intervention diets. There were no significant differences in fasting or postprandial plasma concentrations of triacylglycerol, non-esterified fatty acids, glucose, immunoreactive insulin, GIP and GLP-1 levels, in response to the standard test meal following the nibbling or gorging dietary regimes. There were no significant differences in fasting total or LDL-cholesterol concentrations, or in the 15 min postheparin lipoprotein lipase activity measurements. There was a significant increase in HDL-cholesterol in the subjects following the gorging diet compared to the nibbling diet.
The results suggest that previous meal frequency for a period of two weeks in young healthy women does not alter the fasting or postprandial lipid or hormonal response to a standard high fat meal.
The findings of this study did not confirm the previous studies which suggested that nibbling is beneficial in reducing the concentrations of lipid and hormones. The rigorous control of diet content and composition in the present study compared with others, suggest reported effects of meal frequency may be due to unintentional alteration in nutrient and energy intake in previous studies.
确定改变进餐频率对餐后血脂及相关参数的影响。
一项随机开放交叉研究，以检验改变进餐频率的编程效应。在以下三种情况下分别给予标准测试餐：（i）正常饮食；（ii）两周的少食饮食期；（iii）两周的暴饮暴食饮食期。
与萨里大学相关的自由生活受试者。
招募了11名女性志愿者（年龄22±0.89岁）。
要求受试者在两周内采用少食饮食（每天12餐）或暴饮暴食饮食（每天3餐），并食用相同的食物。在饮食干预前一天以及每个干预期后的当天给予含80克脂肪、63克碳水化合物和20克蛋白质的标准测试餐。
采集空腹和餐后血样，分析血浆甘油三酯、非酯化脂肪酸、葡萄糖、免疫反应性胰岛素、葡萄糖依赖性促胰岛素多肽水平（GIP）和胰高血糖素样肽（GLP-1），空腹总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇浓度，以及肝素后脂蛋白脂肪酶（LPL）活性测量值。在进餐时给予1.5克对乙酰氨基酚负荷后测量血浆对乙酰氨基酚，作为胃排空的指标。
对两种饮食方案的依从性都很高，两种干预饮食的营养素摄入量之间没有显著差异。在少食或暴饮暴食饮食方案后，对标准测试餐的反应中，空腹或餐后血浆甘油三酯、非酯化脂肪酸、葡萄糖免疫反应性胰岛素、GIP和GLP-1水平没有显著差异。空腹总胆固醇或LDL胆固醇浓度，以及肝素后15分钟脂蛋白脂肪酶活性测量值也没有显著差异。与少食饮食相比，暴饮暴食饮食的受试者HDL胆固醇有显著增加。
结果表明，年轻健康女性在两周内的既往进餐频率不会改变对标准高脂餐的空腹或餐后脂质或激素反应。
本研究结果未证实先前的研究，即少食有利于降低脂质和激素浓度。与其他研究相比，本研究对饮食内容和成分的严格控制表明，先前研究中报道的进餐频率效应可能是由于营养素和能量摄入的无意改变。
