Madanes C, Haley J
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1977 Aug;165(2):88-98. doi: 10.1097/00005053-197708000-00002.
This article is a description of different approaches to therapy with a family orientation. There are general categories of family therpay which had their origins in individual therapy, such as the approaches based upon psychodynamic theory, those derived from experiential procedures, and the behavioral approaches. There are also family therapies which have not developed from individual therapy, such as the extended family system approach and the communication school of family therapy. The different therapy approaches are described within a set of dimensions which characterize most therapy. Such dimensions include whether the past or present is emphasized, whether the therapist uses interpretation or directives, whether the approach is in terms of growth or specific problems, whether hierarchy is a concern, and whether the unit is an individual, two people, three people, or a wider network. Illustrations of the different family therapy approaches are given in terms of the kinds of information that would interest the therapist of each school and the kinds of actions he or she would take to bring about change.
本文描述了以家庭为导向的不同治疗方法。家庭治疗有一些一般类别，它们起源于个体治疗，比如基于心理动力学理论的方法、源自体验式程序的方法以及行为方法。也有并非从个体治疗发展而来的家庭治疗，比如大家庭系统方法和家庭治疗的沟通学派。不同的治疗方法是在一组表征大多数治疗的维度内进行描述的。这些维度包括是强调过去还是现在、治疗师是使用解释还是指导、方法是着眼于成长还是特定问题、是否关注等级制度，以及治疗单元是个体、两人、三人还是更广泛的网络。针对不同家庭治疗方法，根据各学派治疗师感兴趣的信息种类以及他们为促成改变会采取的行动种类给出了示例。
