Merrill J D, Sigaroudinia M, Kohl S
Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Pediatr Res. 1996 Sep;40(3):498-503. doi: 10.1203/00006450-199609000-00021.
The odds risk of vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to preterm infants is almost four times that of term infants and may relate to maternal and neonatal factors. We characterized the competence of early nonspecific cellular immunity, namely natural killer cytotoxicity (NKC) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from preterm (n = 20) and term neonates (n = 28) versus adult controls against a T cell line infected with the human T cell lymphotrophic virus-III(B) using a chromium-51 release assay. PBMC from term neonates exhibited levels of NKC activity equal to adults against HIV-infected targets, yet the NKC capacity of preterm neonatal PBMC was significantly diminished. The ADCC activity of both term and preterm neonatal PBMC against HIV-infected targets was significantly less than that of adult PBMC. Overnight stimulation of a subset of samples with IL-12 augmented the NKC activity of both infant groups and adults, whereas the ADCC activity remained unchanged. These findings demonstrate that term neonates are deficient in ADCC against HIV-infected targets, whereas preterm infants are deficient in both NKC and ADCC, which may relate, in part, to the increased risk of transmission of HIV with preterm delivery. In addition, IL-12 has the potential to augment both term and preterm neonatal antiviral defense.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）垂直传播给早产儿的风险几率几乎是足月儿的四倍，这可能与母体和新生儿因素有关。我们使用铬-51释放试验，对来自早产儿（n = 20）和足月儿（n = 28）以及成年对照的外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）针对感染人类T细胞嗜淋巴细胞病毒III（B）的T细胞系的早期非特异性细胞免疫能力，即自然杀伤细胞毒性（NKC）和抗体依赖性细胞毒性（ADCC）进行了表征。足月儿的PBMC针对HIV感染靶标的NKC活性水平与成年人相当，但早产儿PBMC的NKC能力显著降低。足月儿和早产儿PBMC针对HIV感染靶标的ADCC活性均明显低于成年PBMC。用白细胞介素-12对一部分样本进行过夜刺激，增强了两个婴儿组和成年人的NKC活性，而ADCC活性保持不变。这些发现表明，足月儿针对HIV感染靶标的ADCC存在缺陷，而早产儿的NKC和ADCC均存在缺陷，这可能部分与早产时HIV传播风险增加有关。此外，白细胞介素-12有增强足月儿和早产儿抗病毒防御的潜力。
