Chiou S Y, Bhattacharya A, Succop P A
Biomechanics & Ergonomics Research Laboratory, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, OH 45267-0056, USA.
Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1996 Sep;57(9):825-31. doi: 10.1080/15428119691014503.
Subjective rating of slipperiness tests were conducted for 12 male industrial workers on three slippery surfaces, with poor or good lighting conditions, and with new or workers' own old shoes. A strain gauge force platform was used to evaluate dynamic coefficient of friction (COF) of shoes for the same surface conditions representing objective measurements. The shoe wear, available tread pattern, and hardness of old shoes were determined by instruments including a digital caliper, a digitizer, and a durometer, respectively. The surface effect was found to be highly significant on subjective ratings as well as dynamic COF (p < 0.0001). The correlation between dynamic COF values and subjective ratings was significant only for old shoes under medium oily conditions (r = 0.55, p < 0.04). For a slightly oily surface, decreasing the percent of tread available significantly increased dynamic COF values (p < 0.016). In addition, the effect of increased shoe hardness significantly increased the available tread pattern when only the data from the most deteriorated old shoes were included in the analyses (p < 0.004). These results emphasize the need to consider subjective assessment of slipperiness as a valid way to evaluate floor slipperiness. Further study is needed to (1) evaluate the effects of physical fatigue due to workload on subjective assessment of slipperiness and workers' ability to assess slipperiness during task performance; (2) consider the effect of available shoe tread on COF values and slip potential; and (3) determine if guidelines should be developed regarding when work shoes should be replaced to reduce slip and fall injuries.
对12名男性产业工人在三种滑溜表面上进行了滑溜度测试的主观评分，测试在照明条件差或好的情况下进行，且使用新鞋或工人自己的旧鞋。使用应变片测力平台评估相同表面条件下鞋子的动态摩擦系数（COF），作为客观测量。分别使用数字卡尺、数字化仪和硬度计等仪器测定旧鞋的鞋磨损情况、可用胎面花纹和硬度。结果发现，表面效应在主观评分和动态COF方面都具有高度显著性（p < 0.0001）。仅在中等油污条件下，旧鞋的动态COF值与主观评分之间存在显著相关性（r = 0.55，p < 0.04）。对于轻微油污的表面，可用胎面百分比的降低显著增加了动态COF值（p < 0.016）。此外，当分析中仅纳入磨损最严重的旧鞋数据时，鞋硬度增加的影响显著增加了可用胎面花纹（p < 0.004）。这些结果强调需要将滑溜度的主观评估视为评估地面滑溜度的有效方法。需要进一步研究：（1）评估工作量导致的身体疲劳对滑溜度主观评估以及工人在任务执行期间评估滑溜度能力的影响；（2）考虑可用鞋底花纹对COF值和滑倒可能性的影响；（3）确定是否应制定关于何时更换工作鞋以减少滑倒和跌倒伤害的指南。
