Tipton C M, Hargens A
Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721-0093, USA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1996 Aug;28(8):974-6. doi: 10.1097/00005768-199608000-00006.
Since 1961, there have been more than 165 flights involving several hundred individuals who have remained in a space environment from 15 min to more than a year. In addition, plans exist for humans to explore, colonize, and remain in microgravity for 1000 d or more. This symposium will address the current state of knowledge in select aspects associated with the cardiovascular, fluid and electrolytes, musculoskeletal, and the neuroendocrine and immune systems. The authors will focus on responses, mechanisms, and the appropriate countermeasures to minimize or prevent the physiological and biochemical consequences of a microgravity environment. Since exercise is frequently cited as a generic countermeasure, this topic will be covered in greater detail. Models for simulated microgravity conditions will be discussed in subsequent manuscripts, as will future directions for ground-based research.
自1961年以来，已有165多次飞行任务，涉及数百人，他们在太空环境中停留的时间从15分钟到一年多不等。此外，还有人类探索、殖民并在微重力环境中停留1000天或更长时间的计划。本次研讨会将探讨与心血管、体液和电解质、肌肉骨骼以及神经内分泌和免疫系统相关的特定方面的当前知识状态。作者们将重点关注应对措施、机制以及适当的对策，以尽量减少或预防微重力环境的生理和生化后果。由于运动常被视为一种通用的对策，因此将更详细地探讨这一主题。后续稿件将讨论模拟微重力条件的模型以及地面研究的未来方向。
