Gericke D
Prax Klin Pneumol. 1979 Apr;33 Suppl 1:350-7.
Our knowledge of antigens which are associated with different types of malignant tumours is steadily increasing. These antigens exist in considerable numbers, but, so far with few exceptions, only their presence can be demonstrated by certain methods; to isolate and identify them has not yet been possible. These antigens are, therefore, suitable not so much for the primary diagnosis, but rather, like the carcinoembryonic antigen, the tissue-polypeptide antigen or the alpha-feto-protein, for assessing the success of treatment. Active immunization has recently received a fresh impulse by the use of the enzyme neuraminidase, derived from Vibrio cholerae, in the treatment of tumour cells. There is no passive specific immunotherapy in human cancer. As to specific active immunotherapy BCG, Corynebacterium parvum and preparations of these and other micro-organisms together with polynucleotides, levamisol, statolon, tilorone have been employed. Although the results are not uniform they are promising. Attempts at cellular transfer of immunity are not very encouraging. It should be emphasized that the findings apply to human cancer. Experimental studies have produced very interesting results.
我们对与不同类型恶性肿瘤相关的抗原的了解正在不断增加。这些抗原数量众多，但到目前为止，除了少数例外，只有通过某些方法才能证明它们的存在；分离和鉴定它们目前还不可能。因此，这些抗原不太适合用于初步诊断，而更像癌胚抗原、组织多肽抗原或甲胎蛋白，用于评估治疗效果。最近，通过使用源自霍乱弧菌的神经氨酸酶治疗肿瘤细胞，主动免疫获得了新的推动力。人类癌症中没有被动特异性免疫疗法。至于特异性主动免疫疗法，已使用卡介苗、短小棒状杆菌以及这些和其他微生物与多核苷酸、左旋咪唑、香菇多糖、泰洛龙的制剂。虽然结果并不一致，但很有前景。免疫细胞转移的尝试不太令人鼓舞。应该强调的是，这些发现适用于人类癌症。实验研究已经产生了非常有趣的结果。
