Hayashi M
Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Primate Research Institute of Kyoto University, Aichi, Japan.
Neurochem Res. 1996 Jul;21(7):739-47. doi: 10.1007/BF02532295.
The central nervous system (CNS) of primates is more complex than the CNS of other mammals. Details of the development and aging of the primate CNS have recently been revealed by various neurobiological techniques. It has become clear that the primate CNS has unique characteristics, for example, the capacity for the overproduction and elimination of fibers and synapses. Some differences have also been found in the distribution of and changes with development in levels of various neuroactive substances. Recent discoveries of a variety of neurotrophins in the mammalian CNS have led to research on the neurobiology of these molecules in the primate CNS. The distribution of and changes with development in levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) in the primate CNS are closely correlated with the cholinergic system of the basal forebrain. The administration of NGF into the monkey brain prevents the degeneration of the cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain after axotomy, a result that suggests that neurotrophins might be very valuable agents for the future treatment of neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
灵长类动物的中枢神经系统（CNS）比其他哺乳动物的中枢神经系统更为复杂。近年来，各种神经生物学技术揭示了灵长类动物中枢神经系统发育和衰老的细节。现已明确，灵长类动物的中枢神经系统具有独特的特征，例如，具有纤维和突触过度产生与消除的能力。在各种神经活性物质的水平分布及其随发育的变化方面也发现了一些差异。哺乳动物中枢神经系统中各种神经营养因子的最新发现引发了对这些分子在灵长类动物中枢神经系统中的神经生物学研究。灵长类动物中枢神经系统中神经生长因子（NGF）水平的分布及其随发育的变化与基底前脑的胆碱能系统密切相关。将NGF注入猴脑可防止轴突切断后基底前脑胆碱能神经元的退化，这一结果表明神经营养因子可能是未来治疗诸如阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病等神经疾病的非常有价值的药物。
