Schwab M E
Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
Neurochem Res. 1996 Jul;21(7):755-61. doi: 10.1007/BF02532297.
Molecules and activities which repulse growing neurites or induce growth cone collapse and long-lasting growth inhibition have been defined over the last 10 years. Recently, specific guidance roles for developing axons and pathways could be associated with such repulsive effects. A high molecular weight membrane protein located in CNS myelin acts as potent neurite growth inhibitor and may play a role as a negative control element for sprouting, neurite growth and regeneration, and for the plasticity of the adult CNS. Interestingly, some guidance molecules can have positive, growth-promoting as well as negative, repulsive effects for specific types of neurons. These results underline the complex mechanisms involved in neurite guidance which depends on the interpretation of combinations of incoming signals by particular growth cones.
在过去十年中，已经确定了排斥生长中的神经突或诱导生长锥塌陷以及长期生长抑制的分子和活性。最近，发育中的轴突和通路的特定导向作用可能与这种排斥作用有关。一种位于中枢神经系统髓磷脂中的高分子量膜蛋白作为一种有效的神经突生长抑制剂，可能在发芽、神经突生长和再生以及成年中枢神经系统的可塑性方面作为一种负调控元件发挥作用。有趣的是，一些导向分子对特定类型的神经元可能具有正向的促生长作用以及负向的排斥作用。这些结果强调了神经突导向所涉及的复杂机制，这取决于特定生长锥对传入信号组合的解读。
