Healton C, Haviland L, Weinberg G, Messeri P, Aidala A, Stein G, Jessop D, Jetter D
Columbia University School of Public Health, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 1996 Jul-Aug;12(4 Suppl):39-46.
The Ryan White Title I Personnel Needs Study described here is an evaluation of the human resource needs of HIV/AIDS service agencies in New York City. The research presented here was conducted in collaboration with researchers from the Medical and Health Research Association and the New York City Department of Health and the Planning and Evaluation Committee of the New York City HIV Health and Human Services Planning Council. The assessment is divided into two components. The first component is a survey of 100 key informants from HIV/ AIDS service agencies. The second component is a detailed staffing survey of 70 personnel directors of HIV/AIDS service agencies. HIV/AIDS service directors perceived staff recruitment as a more difficult process than staff retention, regardless of agency type. Vacancy rates at the surveyed agencies varied by professional category; they were especially high in the category of nurse practitioners (13%) and outreach/education workers (15%). Agencies stressed that incentives that would positively affect recruitment and retention should be tailored to address the concerns of varied health care and social service professionals. In addition, agencies were not routinely able to provide some incentives deemed effective such as higher salaries, housing subsidies, and smaller caseloads. To reduce recruitment and retention problems, agency informants recommended a variety of incentive programs including malpractice insurance for physicians, flexible hours for full-time employees (including case managers, nurses, physician's assistants), smaller caseloads, and a decrease in the proportion of staff time devoted to direct client contact. Overall health care trends including truncated federal budgets, state Medicaid cutbacks, and the rapid conversion to managed care all affect the quality of patient care and of the work setting for health care and social service providers serving persons with AIDS. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): AIDS, health personnel, employment supported, employee workload, staff attitude.
此处所述的瑞安·怀特一号项目人员需求研究，是对纽约市艾滋病毒/艾滋病服务机构的人力资源需求进行的评估。这里呈现的研究是与医学与健康研究协会、纽约市卫生部门以及纽约市艾滋病毒健康与人类服务规划委员会的规划与评估委员会的研究人员合作开展的。该评估分为两个部分。第一部分是对来自艾滋病毒/艾滋病服务机构的100名关键信息提供者进行的调查。第二部分是对70名艾滋病毒/艾滋病服务机构的人事主管进行的详细人员配置调查。无论机构类型如何，艾滋病毒/艾滋病服务主管都认为员工招聘比员工留用更困难。被调查机构的空缺率因专业类别而异；在执业护士类别（13%）和外展/教育工作者类别（15%）中尤其高。各机构强调，对招聘和留用有积极影响的激励措施应针对不同医疗保健和社会服务专业人员的关注点进行调整。此外，各机构通常无法提供一些被认为有效的激励措施，如更高的薪资、住房补贴和更小的工作量。为减少招聘和留用问题，机构信息提供者推荐了各种激励计划，包括为医生提供医疗事故保险、为全职员工（包括个案管理员、护士、医师助理）提供灵活工作时间、更小的工作量，以及减少员工用于直接接触客户的时间比例。总体医疗保健趋势，包括联邦预算削减、州医疗补助削减以及向管理式医疗的迅速转变，都影响着患者护理质量以及为艾滋病患者提供服务的医疗保健和社会服务提供者的工作环境。医学主题词（MeSH）：艾滋病、卫生人员、就业支持、员工工作量、员工态度。
