Arlow J A
Int J Psychoanal. 1996 Aug;77 ( Pt 4):659-66.
The author argues that Freud coined the phrase 'psychic reality' to indicate how neurotic patients and others treat unconscious psychic concepts and fears as if they were real. They respond to the challenges of everyday life not in terms of objective reality, but rather in keeping with their inner 'psychic' reality. With the development of different schools of thought in psychoanalysis, opinions as to precisely what constitutes the contents and character of unconscious mental functioning differ enormously, to the extent that there is no general agreement as to the nature and quality of unconscious mental elements. Psychoanalysts do not have a shared view of what constitutes psychic reality, with the result that genuine scientific interchange has become increasingly difficult and attenuated. The author considers that what is required is the exploration and enunciation of an agreed upon methodological approach to the interpretation of clinical data and thence to the formulation of mutually acceptable psychoanalytic concepts.
作者认为，弗洛伊德创造了“心理现实”这个短语，以表明神经症患者及其他人如何将无意识的心理概念和恐惧当作真实的东西来对待。他们应对日常生活挑战时，依据的不是客观现实，而是与他们内心的“心理”现实相符。随着精神分析不同思想流派的发展，关于无意识心理功能的具体构成内容和特征的观点差异极大，以至于对于无意识心理元素的性质和特质，不存在普遍共识。精神分析学家对于构成心理现实的内容没有共同看法，结果是真正的科学交流变得越来越困难且减弱了。作者认为，需要探索并阐明一种商定的方法论，用于解释临床数据，进而形成相互认可的精神分析概念。
