Wei M, Valdez R A, Mitchell B D, Haffner S M, Stern M P, Hazuda H P
Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio 78284-7873, USA.
Ann Epidemiol. 1996 Jul;6(4):307-13. doi: 10.1016/s1047-2797(96)00026-9.
It has been claimed that Mexican Americans have a favorable mortality experience despite their low socioeconomic status (SES). The present study compared all-cause mortality of non-Hispanic whites with that of United States-born and foreign-born (i.e., born in Mexico) Mexican Americans. Subjects were 3735 residents of San Antonio, TX, who were followed-up for 7-8 years. The sex-age adjusted death rates per 1000 person-years were higher for United States-born Mexican Americans (5.7) than for non-Hispanic whites (3.8) or for foreign-born Mexican Americans (3.6). Foreign-born Mexican Americans had the lowest socioeconomic status (SES), and non-Hispanic whites had the highest SES. After adjustment for SES, the mortality ratio for United States-born Mexican Americans compared with foreign-born Mexican Americans was 1.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.0-3.5), while the ratio for United States-born Mexican Americans compared with non-Hispanic whites was 1.0 (95% confidence interval, 0.7-1.6). Stratified analysis revealed that those in the lowest SES tertiles had threefold greater risk of death than those in the highest tertiles among both United States-born Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites (test for trend, P < 0.001). These data suggest that lower SES is strongly associated with increased mortality. After adjustment for SES, mortality rates were similar for United States-born Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites. Foreign-born Mexican Americans had the lowest mortality rates of the three groups.
据称，墨西哥裔美国人尽管社会经济地位（SES）较低，但死亡率却较为有利。本研究比较了非西班牙裔白人以及在美国出生和在国外出生（即出生于墨西哥）的墨西哥裔美国人的全因死亡率。研究对象为德克萨斯州圣安东尼奥市的3735名居民，随访时间为7至8年。每1000人年中，经性别和年龄调整后的死亡率，在美国出生的墨西哥裔美国人（5.7）高于非西班牙裔白人（3.8）或在国外出生的墨西哥裔美国人（3.6）。在国外出生的墨西哥裔美国人社会经济地位最低，非西班牙裔白人社会经济地位最高。在对社会经济地位进行调整后，美国出生的墨西哥裔美国人与在国外出生的墨西哥裔美国人相比，死亡率之比为1.9（95%置信区间为1.0至3.5），而美国出生的墨西哥裔美国人与非西班牙裔白人相比，死亡率之比为1.0（95%置信区间为0.7至1.6）。分层分析显示，在美国出生的墨西哥裔美国人和非西班牙裔白人中，社会经济地位处于最低三分位数的人群死亡风险是处于最高三分位数人群的三倍（趋势检验，P < 0.001）。这些数据表明，较低的社会经济地位与死亡率增加密切相关。在对社会经济地位进行调整后，美国出生的墨西哥裔美国人和非西班牙裔白人的死亡率相似。在这三组人群中，在国外出生的墨西哥裔美国人死亡率最低。
