Lima M S, Beria J U, Tomasi E, Conceicao A T, Mari J J
Universidade Federal de Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
Int J Psychiatry Med. 1996;26(2):211-22. doi: 10.2190/W4U4-TCTX-164J-KMAB.
A population-based survey was conducted in Pelotas, southern Brazil, to assess the specific and the combined contribution of life events and socioeconomic factors on the overall prevalence of minor psychiatric disorders (MPD).
The study covered a representative sample of the population aged fifteen years or older living in the urban area of the city. Using multi-stage sampling, a total of thirty census tracts and 600 households were selected. A standardized questionnaire assessed the presence of MPD (using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire-SRQ-20), the occurrence of life events (death of a relative, a relative with a chronic disease, loss of employment, divorce, migration, accident, and robbery/assault), and socioeconomic factors.
The prevalence of MPD was 22.7 percent (17.9% males and 26.5% females) and increased with age. Significant linear relationships with education and income were observed: the less education and income, the higher the prevalence of MPD. All life events, except migration and accident, were positively associated with MPD. People who experienced divorce in the last year had a prevalence of MPD three times higher than those who had not. The likelihood of MPD increased linearly with the number of life events. The highest proportion of Population Attributable Fraction for any life events was 24 percent.
These data suggest that life events can explain a substantial proportion of MPD and with socioeconomic factors may be related to the onset of MPD.
在巴西南部的佩洛塔斯进行了一项基于人群的调查，以评估生活事件和社会经济因素对轻度精神障碍（MPD）总体患病率的具体及综合影响。
该研究涵盖了居住在该市市区的15岁及以上人群的代表性样本。采用多阶段抽样，共选取了30个普查区和600户家庭。一份标准化问卷评估了MPD的存在情况（使用自评问卷-SRQ-20）、生活事件的发生情况（亲属死亡、亲属患有慢性病、失业、离婚、迁移、事故以及抢劫/袭击）和社会经济因素。
MPD的患病率为22.7%（男性为17.9%，女性为26.5%），且随年龄增长而增加。观察到与教育程度和收入存在显著的线性关系：教育程度和收入越低，MPD的患病率越高。除迁移和事故外，所有生活事件均与MPD呈正相关。去年经历离婚的人群中MPD的患病率是未经历离婚人群的三倍。MPD的可能性随生活事件的数量呈线性增加。任何生活事件的人群归因分数最高比例为24%。
这些数据表明，生活事件可解释相当一部分的MPD，并且与社会经济因素可能与MPD的发病有关。
