Maziade M, Gingras N, Rodrigue C, Bouchard S, Cardinal A, Gauthier B, Tremblay G, Côté S, Fournier C, Boutin P, Hamel M, Roy M A, Martinez M, Mérette C
Le Centre de recherche Université Laval Robert-Giffard, Beauport, Québec, Canada.
Br J Psychiatry. 1996 Sep;169(3):361-70. doi: 10.1192/bjp.169.3.361.
Little is known about the long-term outcome of schizophrenia that has its onset during childhood and early adolescence (early-onset schizophrenia, or EO-SZ). Whether or not EO-SZ is an aetiologically separate form of schizophrenia (SZ) is unresolved.
The study was a 14.8-year follow-up, using methods such as systematic sampling, evaluation of possible non-respondent bias, consensus best-estimate diagnoses (DSM-III-R) made independently in childhood and adulthood, measures of positive and negative dimensions, of non-psychotic behaviour disturbances (NPBD) and of developmental problems before the appearance of SZ.
There was high stability of EO-SZ (n = 40) diagnoses (mean onset at 14.0 years) until adulthood (mean age at follow-up 28.8 years) but a lower stability of positive and negative schizophrenic dimensions. There was a poor outcome of EO-SZ, a strong over-representation of males but few gender differences, and no effect of age of onset on clinical features and outcome.
EO-SZ taken as a whole shows no qualitative differences to adult-onset SZ. However, a distinction through the onset of preschizophrenic developmental problems or NPBD might be a way to investigate heterogeneity within EO-SZ.
关于在儿童期和青春期早期发病的精神分裂症（早发性精神分裂症，或EO-SZ）的长期预后知之甚少。EO-SZ是否是病因上独立的精神分裂症（SZ）形式尚无定论。
该研究为14.8年的随访，采用了系统抽样、评估可能的无应答偏倚、在儿童期和成年期独立做出的一致性最佳估计诊断（DSM-III-R）、阳性和阴性维度测量、非精神病性行为障碍（NPBD）测量以及SZ出现前的发育问题测量等方法。
EO-SZ（n = 40）诊断（平均发病年龄14.0岁）直至成年期（随访时平均年龄28.8岁）具有高度稳定性，但精神分裂症阳性和阴性维度的稳定性较低。EO-SZ预后较差，男性比例过高但性别差异较小，发病年龄对临床特征和预后无影响。
总体而言，EO-SZ与成年期发病的SZ没有质性差异。然而，通过精神分裂症前发育问题或NPBD的发病情况进行区分可能是研究EO-SZ异质性的一种方法。
