Meyrowitsch D W, Simonsen P E, Makunde W H
Danish Bilharziasis Laboratory, Charlottenlund, Denmark.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1996 Jul-Aug;90(4):423-8. doi: 10.1016/s0035-9203(96)90534-9.
The efficacy of 4 strategies for control of bancroftian filariasis using mass diethylcarbamazine (DEC) chemotherapy was evaluated and compared in 4 endemic communities in Tanzania 2 years after the start of treatment. The strategies used were the standard 12 d treatment (strategy I), a semi-annual single dose treatment (strategy II), a monthly low dose treatment (strategy III), and DEC medicated salt (strategy IV). Treatment took place during the first study year, and no treatment was given during the second year. Among individuals who were microfilaraemic before treatment, the microfilaria (mf) clearance rates were 41.5%, 75.0%, 84.0% and 89.1%, and the pre-treatment mf geometric mean intensities (GMIs) were reduced by 97.1%, 98.9%, 99.8% and 99.8%, for strategies I, II, III and IV, respectively, 2 years after starting treatment. Statistical analysis indicated that strategies III and IV were equally effective, and superior in clearing microfilaraemias and in reducing mf GMIs compared to strategies I and II; strategy II was significantly more effective than strategy I. The rate of occurrence of new cases of microfilaraemia among individuals who were amicrofilaraemic during the pre-treatment surveys was negligible over the study period in all communities. In all the communities combined, 66.6% of males presenting hydrocele before treatment, and 61.5% of individuals presenting elephantiasis before treatment, showed improvements in these conditions 2 years after the start of treatment, either as a reduction in size or complete disappearance.
在坦桑尼亚的4个流行社区，于治疗开始2年后，对使用乙胺嗪（DEC）进行大规模化疗的4种控制班氏丝虫病策略的疗效进行了评估和比较。所采用的策略分别为标准的12天治疗（策略I）、半年一次单剂量治疗（策略II）、每月低剂量治疗（策略III）以及含DEC的药盐（策略IV）。治疗在第一个研究年度进行，第二个年度未进行治疗。在治疗前为微丝蚴血症患者中，治疗开始2年后，策略I、II、III和IV的微丝蚴（mf）清除率分别为41.5%、75.0%、84.0%和89.1%，治疗前mf几何平均强度（GMIs）分别降低了97.1%、98.9%、99.8%和99.8%。统计分析表明策略III和IV同样有效，在清除微丝蚴血症和降低mf GMIs方面优于策略I和II；策略II显著比策略I更有效。在治疗前调查中无微丝蚴血症的个体中，新的微丝蚴血症病例发生率在所有社区的研究期间均可忽略不计。在所有社区综合来看，治疗开始2年后，治疗前出现鞘膜积液的男性中有66.6%，治疗前出现象皮肿的个体中有61.5%，这些病症出现了改善，表现为尺寸减小或完全消失。
