Messias D K, Hall J M, Meleis A I
University of California, San Francisco 94143-0608, USA.
Women Health. 1996;24(1):1-20. doi: 10.1300/j013v24n01_01.
This qualitative study was based on individual interviews with 75 Brazilian women in an impoverished peri-urban squatter community (favela) in southeastern Brazil. The purposes of the study were to describe women's role involvement in domestic and employment contexts; identify stresses and satisfactions of maternal, spousal, and employment roles; and assess personal and environmental role constraints and resources from the perspective of women's health. The analytic approach to the interview data was qualitative content analysis, through which thematic categories of maternal, spousal, and employment role satisfactions and stresses were identified by the researchers. Women's unrelenting work in the face of harsh social and economic environments was a broad theme woven throughout the women's descriptions of their lives. The confluence of role constraints affecting the participants' lives included poverty, marginalization, abuse, and lack of support and recognition by partners and society. In order to overcome great adversity and meet heavy role demands, these women relied on self, faith in God, family, and health resources. Implications for women's health promotion are discussed.
这项定性研究基于对巴西东南部一个贫困城郊棚户区（贫民窟）的75名巴西女性进行的个人访谈。该研究的目的是描述女性在家庭和就业环境中的角色参与情况；确定母亲、配偶和就业角色的压力与满足感；并从女性健康的角度评估个人和环境方面的角色限制与资源。对访谈数据的分析方法是定性内容分析，研究人员通过该方法确定了母亲、配偶和就业角色满足感与压力的主题类别。在女性对自己生活的描述中，一个贯穿始终的宽泛主题是她们在恶劣社会和经济环境面前坚持不懈地工作。影响参与者生活的角色限制因素包括贫困、边缘化、虐待以及伴侣和社会缺乏支持与认可。为了克服巨大的逆境并满足繁重的角色需求，这些女性依靠自身、对上帝的信仰、家庭和健康资源。文中还讨论了对女性健康促进的启示。
