Cybulski J S
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1977 Jul;47(1):31-9. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330470108.
Excavated and museum skeletons of the postcontact period revealed cribra orbitalia in four native ethnolinguistic divisions of the British Columbia coast, Haida, Kwakiutl, Nootka, and Coast Salish. Affected skulls were distributed among 25 of 35 localities, indicating widespread occurrence in a mainly heterogeneous population. Manifestations were similar to porotic hyperostosis, and additional lesions in the sample tend to support the concept that cribra orbitalia is related to anemia. Both inherited and acquired disorders may have been involved in the etiology. A uniquely high incidence of 52.9% occurred in immature of the Haida, a relatively homogeneous population. However, marked variability in expression by age group and by sex in the total sample is suggestive of iron-deficiency anemia. The data and historical information parallel modern expectations of susceptibility. Among 454 skulls, criba orbitalia occurred in 32.7% of growing children and adolescents, 19% of infants and toddlers, 13.3% of adult females, and 4.8% of adult males. Postcontact disruptions and disease may have figured in promoting iron-deficiency anemia, but noted precontact occurrences may also have been due to the disorder.
后接触时期发掘的和博物馆收藏的骨骼显示，不列颠哥伦比亚省海岸的四个本土民族语言群体，即海达族、夸扣特尔族、努特卡族和海岸萨利希族，存在眶筛骨病变。受影响的头骨分布在35个地点中的25个，表明在主要为异质的人群中广泛存在。其表现与多孔性骨质增生相似，样本中的其他病变倾向于支持眶筛骨病变与贫血有关的概念。遗传和后天性疾病可能都参与了病因。在相对同质的海达族未成年人中，发病率高达52.9%，极为独特。然而，在整个样本中，按年龄组和性别划分的表达存在显著差异，提示为缺铁性贫血。这些数据和历史信息与现代对易感性的预期相符。在454个头骨中，眶筛骨病变在成长中的儿童和青少年中占32.7%，在婴幼儿中占19%，在成年女性中占13.3%，在成年男性中占4.8%。后接触时期的破坏和疾病可能在促进缺铁性贫血方面起到了作用，但接触前记录的病例也可能是由该疾病引起的。
