Lillard A S
Stanford University, USA.
Child Dev. 1996 Aug;67(4):1717-34.
Researchers studying early social cognition have been particularly interested in pretend play and have obtained evidence indicating that young children do not understand that pretending involves mental representation. The present research investigates whether children think of pretending as a mental state at all, by looking at whether they cluster it with other mental states or with physical processes when making certain judgments. The results from 5 experiments suggest that most children under 6 years of age see pretending as primarily physical. Further, when asked about pretending as a 2-part process entailing planning and execution, even 8-year-olds claim that execution of pretense does not involve the mind, although the planning aspect of pretense does.
研究早期社会认知的人员一直对假装游戏特别感兴趣，并已获得证据表明幼儿不理解假装涉及心理表征。本研究通过观察儿童在做出某些判断时是将假装与其他心理状态归为一类还是与身体过程归为一类，来探究儿童是否根本就将假装视为一种心理状态。5项实验的结果表明，大多数6岁以下的儿童主要将假装视为身体行为。此外，当被问及假装是一个需要计划和执行的两部分过程时，即使是8岁的儿童也声称假装的执行不涉及心理，尽管假装的计划方面涉及心理。
