Yamaguchi H
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine.
Nihon Rinsho. 1996 Sep;54(9):2600-13.
Diagnosing deep-seated mycoses continues to be a major challenge for the clinician. The non-culture-dependent laboratory assay with high sensitivity and specificity are needed for rapid diagnosis of deep-seated mycoses. The most promising methodology that has this potential is the detection of fungus-specific DNA. Over the last five years, increasing numbers of papers were published which document the molecular biological assays feasible to detect fungus-specific DNA sequences in clinical specimens. In almost all of the assays thus far reported, DNA was detected following in vitro amplification using the RCR technology. This review will deal with those PCR assays which were developed, with the aim of diagnosing or screening deep-seated mycoses, for the detection of DNA from Candida species, Aspergillus species, Penicillium marneffei and Cryptococcus neoformans. Some of the PCR assays described here have been successfully used with clinical specimens to detect fungi, more rapidly and with a greater degree of sensitivity and/or specificity than by conventional means. It suggests us that PCR-based amplification strategies may help pave the way for modern clinical laboratory to better assist the clinician in diagnosing deep-seated mycoses.
对临床医生而言，诊断深部真菌病仍然是一项重大挑战。深部真菌病的快速诊断需要高灵敏度和特异性的非培养实验室检测方法。最具潜力的方法是检测真菌特异性DNA。在过去五年中，越来越多的论文发表，记录了在临床标本中检测真菌特异性DNA序列可行的分子生物学检测方法。在迄今为止报道的几乎所有检测方法中，DNA都是在使用RCR技术进行体外扩增后检测到的。本综述将探讨那些为诊断或筛查深部真菌病而开发的PCR检测方法，用于检测念珠菌属、曲霉属、马尔尼菲青霉和新型隐球菌的DNA。这里描述的一些PCR检测方法已成功用于临床标本检测真菌，比传统方法更快，灵敏度和/或特异性更高。这表明基于PCR的扩增策略可能有助于为现代临床实验室更好地协助临床医生诊断深部真菌病铺平道路。
