Kamiryo T, Lopes M B, Berr S S, Lee K S, Kassell N F, Steiner L
Department of Neurological Surgery, Virginia Neurological Institute, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA.
Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1996;138(8):983-90; discussion 990-1. doi: 10.1007/BF01411289.
The anterior cerebral artery of rats was irradiated at the level of the circle of Willis by Gamma Knife with a maximum dose of 25, 50, or 100 Gy. Occlusion of the anterior cerebral artery was observed in one rat which was followed for 20 months after irradiation of 100 Gy. Cerebral infarction was found at the midline-frontal region and the cingulate gyrus. Arterial wall thickening with fibrosis, splitting of the internal elastic membrane, luminal organized thrombus, and migration of smooth muscle cells into the thrombus were observed. In the anterior cerebral artery, thrombus formation seemed to occur after the endothelial injury and this may play a prominent role for occlusion. In small arteries, various changes were observed in the irradiated tissue. These included fibrosis and thrombus, thickened smooth muscle layer, lymphocytic infiltration, and thickening of vessel wall with fibrosis and fibrinous thrombosis with leakage of fibrin into the surrounding tissue after different doses of radiation and at different observation times. These changes were comparable to the ordinary vascular response to injury including healing vasculitis and arteriosclerosis.
用伽玛刀在大鼠 Willis 环水平照射大脑前动脉，最大剂量分别为25、50或100 Gy。在接受100 Gy照射后的一只大鼠中观察到大脑前动脉闭塞，照射后随访20个月。在中线额叶区域和扣带回发现脑梗死。观察到动脉壁增厚伴纤维化、内弹性膜分裂、管腔内有组织化血栓形成以及平滑肌细胞迁移至血栓内。在大脑前动脉中，血栓形成似乎发生在内皮损伤之后，这可能在血管闭塞中起重要作用。在小动脉中，在照射组织中观察到各种变化。这些变化包括纤维化和血栓形成、平滑肌层增厚、淋巴细胞浸润以及在不同剂量辐射和不同观察时间后血管壁增厚伴纤维化和纤维蛋白性血栓形成，且纤维蛋白渗漏到周围组织中。这些变化与普通血管对损伤的反应相当，包括愈合性血管炎和动脉硬化。
