Falgairette G, Gavarry O, Bernard T, Hebbelinck M
Laboratoire de Biomécanique et de Biologie de l'Exercise, Observatoire du Développement de l'Enfant, UFRSTAPS, UNSA, Nice, France.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1996;74(1-2):153-61. doi: 10.1007/BF00376508.
Habitual physical activity (HPA) was studied in 30 boys and 34 girls aged 6-11 years. All the children performed a shuttle run test (SRT) to assess maximal heart frequency (fcmaxSRT) and to evaluate maximal oxygen uptake (VO2maxSRT). Heart rate (fc) was measured continuously from Monday to Sunday, using a heart rate counter. The time spent at fc greater than 140 beats. min-1 (tfc > 140) and at fc greater than 160 beats. min-1 (tfc > 160) permitted HPA to be evaluated. The daily heart rate (fcd) and the percentage of heart rate reserve (%fcrd) were calculated to evaluate the metabolic activity. In the boys and girls, fcd and % fcrd varied little with age. The metabolic activity varied in a rhythmical way during the week and was higher during school days than during free days (P < 0.001). The children were more active during school days (ds) than during the free days (df). This observation was particularly marked in the boys having tfc > 140 being twice as high during ds compared to df [tfc > 140, ds 85 (SD 25), df 40 (SD 26) min; tfc > 160, ds 36 (SD 19), df 16 (SD 13) min]. During ds tfc > 160 was greater in the boys than in the girls (P < 0.01). The same held for tfc > 140 and % fcrd from the age of 9 years (P < 0.001). It was during the recreation periods that the differences between the boys and the girls were observed (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference between the boys and the girls during lessons, in the evening and during df (% fcrd 26-28%, tfc > 140 35-45 min, tfc > 160 10-18 min). In contrast, the children who were physically active in a sports club, had less spontaneous physical activity and % fcrd, tfc > 140, tfc > 160 and VO2maxSRT were identical to those of the other children.
对30名6至11岁的男孩和34名6至11岁的女孩的习惯性身体活动（HPA）进行了研究。所有儿童都进行了穿梭跑测试（SRT），以评估最大心率（fcmaxSRT）并评估最大摄氧量（VO2maxSRT）。使用心率计数器从周一至周日连续测量心率（fc）。在fc大于140次/分钟（tfc > 140）和fc大于160次/分钟（tfc > 160）时所花费的时间用于评估习惯性身体活动。计算每日心率（fcd）和心率储备百分比（%fcrd）以评估代谢活动。在男孩和女孩中，fcd和%fcrd随年龄变化不大。一周内代谢活动呈节律性变化，上学日高于休息日（P < 0.001）。孩子们在上学日（ds）比在休息日（df）更活跃。这一观察结果在tfc > 140的男孩中尤为明显，上学日的该数值是休息日的两倍[tfc > 140，上学日85（标准差25）分钟，休息日40（标准差26）分钟；tfc > 160，上学日36（标准差19）分钟，休息日16（标准差13）分钟]。在上学日，男孩的tfc > 160高于女孩（P < 0.01）。从9岁起，tfc > 140和%fcrd的情况也是如此（P < 0.001）。男孩和女孩之间的差异是在课间休息时观察到的（P < 0.01）。在上课期间、晚上和休息日，男孩和女孩之间没有显著差异（%fcrd为26 - 28%，tfc > 140为35 - 45分钟，tfc > 160为l0 - 18分钟）。相比之下，参加体育俱乐部进行体育活动的孩子，其自发身体活动较少，%fcrd、tfc > 140、tfc > 160和VO2maxSRT与其他孩子相同。
