Blumhagen D W
Ann Intern Med. 1979 Jul;91(1):111-6. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-91-1-111.
The social perception of the physician has changed during the past century. This is reflected in the changing use of a symbol of the profession, the white coat. This dress originated in operating rooms, scientific laboratories, and modern hospitals, each of which contributed to the social understanding of what it means to be a healer. Adding the cultural significance of "whiteness" reveals a broad spectrum of meaning surrounding the healing encounter whose most important aspects are the authority and supernatural powers of scientific physicians and the protection of patients. A major force aiding in the adoption of this symbol was the shift in sick care from home to hospital, where it served to legitimate otherwise socially taboo behavior. Recent changes in how scientific medicine is publicly viewed have eroded these established meanings. The resulting tensions affect individual patient-physician encounters and interactions between the profession and society as a whole.
在过去的一个世纪里，社会对医生的认知发生了变化。这反映在该职业象征——白大褂的使用变化上。这种着装起源于手术室、科学实验室和现代医院，这些场所都影响了社会对治疗者意义的理解。加上“白色”的文化意义，揭示了围绕治疗接触的广泛意义，其中最重要的方面是科学医生的权威和超自然力量以及对患者的保护。有助于采用这一象征的一股主要力量是医疗护理从家庭转向医院，在医院里它使原本在社会上被视为禁忌的行为变得合理。近期科学医学在公众眼中的看法变化削弱了这些既定意义。由此产生的紧张关系影响了个体患者与医生的接触以及整个职业与社会之间的互动。
