Ditto Peter H, Druley Jennifer A, Moore Kathleen A, Danks Joseph H, Smucker William D
Kent State U.
Health Psychol. 1996 Sep;15(5):332-343. doi: 10.1037/0278-6133.15.5.332.
One hundred eight college students (Study 1) and 109 elderly adults (Study 2) rated 28 health impairments for the quality of life perceived to be possible in that state, the extent to which the state was perceived as a fate better or worse than death, and the extent to which the state was perceived to interfere with the ability to engage in the activities each individual valued most in life. States perceived most negatively were those perceived to interfere most with valued life activities. For any given health state, evaluations were more negative the more the state was perceived by individuals as likely to interfere with engagement in their valued life activities. Implications of these results for end-of-life medical decision making in general and the use of advance medical directives in particular are discussed.
108名大学生（研究1）和109名老年人（研究2）对28种健康损害进行了评分，内容包括处于该状态下被感知到的生活质量、该状态被视为比死亡更好或更糟的命运的程度，以及该状态被感知到干扰个体参与其生命中最重视的活动的能力的程度。被感知为最负面的状态是那些被认为对重视的生活活动干扰最大的状态。对于任何给定的健康状态，个体认为该状态越有可能干扰其参与重视的生活活动，评价就越负面。讨论了这些结果对一般临终医疗决策，特别是对预立医疗指示使用的启示。
