Wennerberg A, Ohlsson R, Rosén B G, Andersson B
Department of Biomaterials/Handicap Research, Göteborg University, Sweden.
Med Eng Phys. 1996 Oct;18(7):548-56. doi: 10.1016/1350-4533(95)00005-4.
Three-dimensional measurements of surface topography were performed using a confocal laser scanner and a contact stylus instrument. Three surfaces known to be difficult to evaluate were chosen to be measured on the same area with the two instruments. The measurements from the optical and the contact stylus profilometer were compared with each other and with measurements obtained from high-resolution atomic force microscopy, which served as a reference instrument. Six implants manufactured from commonly used biomaterials were also measured on the same part of the implant, but not on the same area, with the optical and the contact profilometer in order to simulate the measurements that would be performed when different laboratories measure similarly treated surfaces. The numerical and visual differences achieved when measuring the same area with the two instruments investigated were compared. In general, we found an underestimation of the surface features with the contact stylus measurement and an overestimation with the confocal scanner. The stylus readings are mainly influenced by the radius of the stylus tip, the pressure of the stylus tip on the surface, and the hardness of the material. The optical profilometer has a tendency for creating spikes when surfaces with deep slopes are measured. For relatively soft metallic biomaterials, we found that using the optical instrument is the most appropriate method for surface roughness characterization, particularly when screw-shaped implants are analysed, whereas the stylus is preferred when larger areas with substantial slopes within the surface structure are to be evaluated.
使用共聚焦激光扫描仪和接触式探针仪对表面形貌进行三维测量。选择三个已知难以评估的表面，用这两种仪器在同一区域进行测量。将光学和接触式探针轮廓仪的测量结果相互比较，并与作为参考仪器的高分辨率原子力显微镜获得的测量结果进行比较。还用光学和接触式轮廓仪在植入物的同一部位（但不是同一区域）对六种由常用生物材料制成的植入物进行了测量，以模拟不同实验室测量类似处理表面时所进行的测量。比较了用所研究的两种仪器测量同一区域时所获得的数值和视觉差异。总体而言，我们发现接触式探针测量对表面特征有低估，而共聚焦扫描仪有高估。探针读数主要受探针尖端半径、探针尖端在表面上的压力以及材料硬度的影响。当测量有深斜率的表面时，光学轮廓仪有产生尖峰的趋势。对于相对较软的金属生物材料，我们发现使用光学仪器是表征表面粗糙度的最合适方法，特别是在分析螺旋形植入物时，而当要评估表面结构内有大量斜率的较大区域时，首选探针。
