Grauer S E, Pantely G A, Xu J, Ge S, Giraud G D, Shiota T, Sahn D J
Department of Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201-3098, USA.
Am Heart J. 1996 Nov;132(5):938-45. doi: 10.1016/s0002-8703(96)90002-2.
The development of echo contrast agents that can provide reliable opacification of the myocardium after intravenous injection is an important advancement for the clinical application of contrast echocardiography. In this study, the hemodynamic effects and echocardiographic characteristics of a new lipid-fluorocarbon echo contrast agent, Aerosomes MRX 115 (ImaRx Pharmaceutical Corp., Tucson, Ariz.) were studied in six anesthetized ventilated pigs. Intravenous injection of this new agent in doses ranging from 0.0005 to 0.01 ml/kg produced significant measurable and visible myocardial opacification without any effect on heart rate, systemic pressure, partial pressure of oxygen, or left ventricular systolic function. The two largest doses (0.005 and 0.01 ml/kg), however, resulted in mild reversible increases in mean pulmonary artery pressure of 12 and 16 mm Hg, respectively. In four animals, epicardial images were obtained before and during coronary artery occlusion. Intravenous contrast injection during coronary occlusion permitted delineation of the hypoperfused myocardial segment. This capability may further expand the utility of contrast echocardiography.
能够在静脉注射后使心肌可靠显影的超声造影剂的开发，是超声心动图临床应用的一项重要进展。在本研究中，对一种新型脂质-氟碳超声造影剂Aerosomes MRX 115（ImaRx制药公司，亚利桑那州图森市）在六只麻醉通气猪中的血流动力学效应和超声心动图特征进行了研究。以0.0005至0.01 ml/kg的剂量静脉注射这种新型造影剂，可产生显著的可测量且可见的心肌显影，对心率、体循环压力、氧分压或左心室收缩功能无任何影响。然而，两个最大剂量（0.005和0.01 ml/kg）分别导致平均肺动脉压轻度可逆性升高12和16 mmHg。在四只动物中，在冠状动脉闭塞前和闭塞期间获取了心外膜图像。冠状动脉闭塞期间静脉注射造影剂可勾勒出灌注不足的心肌节段。这种能力可能会进一步扩大超声心动图的应用范围。
