Eifert G H
Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown 26506-6040, USA.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 1996 Jun;27(2):75-86. doi: 10.1016/0005-7916(96)00008-0.
Individualized treatment based on a functional analysis of problem behavior used to be considered a hallmark of behavior therapy. Yet the relative success of recently developed treatment manuals for DSM-defined disorders has cast doubts as to whether treatment individualization is really necessary. This article evaluates some of the relative merits of assessments and manualized treatments based on DSM categories and discusses data that indicate when a protocol treatment approach is sufficient and when it is not. Finally, a theory-driven approach to conducting behavior therapy is proposed as a way to complement individualized and manualized treatments. This approach is illustrated by presenting a model-based assessment and treatment approach to overcome excessive heart-focused anxiety (cardiophobia).
基于问题行为功能分析的个体化治疗曾被视为行为疗法的标志。然而，最近针对DSM定义的障碍所开发的治疗手册取得的相对成功，让人怀疑治疗个体化是否真的有必要。本文评估了基于DSM类别进行评估和手册化治疗的一些相对优点，并讨论了表明何时协议治疗方法足够、何时不足的数据。最后，提出了一种进行行为疗法的理论驱动方法，作为补充个体化和手册化治疗的一种方式。通过介绍一种基于模型的评估和治疗方法来克服过度的心脏聚焦焦虑（心脏恐惧症）来说明这种方法。
