Interaction of SH2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 with the insulin receptor and the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor: studies of the domains involved using the yeast two-hybrid system.

Activated insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I receptors transmit downstream signals via the insulin receptor substrate (IRS-1 and IRS-2) and a series of proteins containing Src homology-2 (SH2) domains, including SH2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP-2). In the present study, we analyzed in the yeast two-hybrid system the interaction between both receptors and SHP-2. We found that a catalytically inactive SHP-2 is able to bind to tyrosine-phosphorylated IR beta-subunit and IGF-I R beta-subunit. However, with wild-type SHP-2, we were unable to detect an interaction with these receptors, which is likely to be due to dephosphorylation of the receptors by the phosphatase. Further, our results demonstrate that tyrosine 1322 of the IR, and the corresponding tyrosine 1316 of the IGF-I R are implicated in the interaction with the SHP-2 SH2 domain. At the level of SHP-2, it would appear that both SH2 domains of SHP-2 are necessary for optimal association with either receptor. Finally, using several insulin and IGF-I receptor mutants, we found that the kinase regulatory autophosphorylation sites play an important role in the interaction of these receptors with the SHP-2 SH2 domain. These sites are also necessary for the interaction with full-length IRS-1. We conclude that 1) the IR and IGF-I R directly interact with SHP-2; 2) the C-terminus autophosphorylation of these receptors sites are involved in this process; and 3) the receptors' kinase autophosphorylation sites are necessary for the interaction with SHP-2 and also with IRS-1.