Trappe S W, Costill D L, Goodpaster B H, Pearson D R
Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana 47304, USA.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 1996 Aug;6(4):205-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.1996.tb00092.x.
The purpose of this investigation was to examine calf muscle strength and cross-sectional area in 29 middle-aged men (current mean = 48.3 +/- 3.1 years) who had significant differences in their physical activity levels. These men were initially evaluated to determine the physiological requirements for successful distance running in the late 1960s at a time when they were all considered elite distance runners. Based on their training regimens in the interim between testing, subjects were described as highly trained (HI; n = 10), fitness trained (FIT; n = 12), or untrained (UT; n = 7). In addition, an aged-matched sedentary group (CON; n = 7) was tested. Each subject was evaluated for VO2max, plantar flexion calf muscle strength and cross-sectional area (CSA) of the lower leg (gastrocnemius and soleus). Muscle CSA was determined by computed tomography, whereas calf strength measurements were made using a specially designed leg restraint system and an isokinetic dynamometer. There were no significant differences in plantar flexion strength (at 60 and 180 degrees/s) or CSA of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles among the groups. Calf muscle strength per CSA was also similar at both test velocities for all groups. These data demonstrate that middle-aged distance runners who have continued to run at a relatively high level for 20-25 years have similar calf muscle CSA and strength compared with aged-matched males who run significantly less or not at all.
本研究的目的是检测29名中年男性（当前平均年龄 = 48.3 ± 3.1岁）的小腿肌肉力量和横截面积，这些男性的身体活动水平存在显著差异。在20世纪60年代末，这些男性均被视为优秀的长跑运动员，当时他们最初接受评估以确定成功进行长跑的生理需求。根据测试期间的训练方案，受试者被描述为训练有素（HI；n = 10）、适度训练（FIT；n = 12）或未训练（UT；n = 7）。此外，还测试了一组年龄匹配的久坐不动的人群（CON；n = 7）。对每位受试者进行了最大摄氧量、小腿跖屈肌肉力量以及小腿（腓肠肌和比目鱼肌）横截面积（CSA）的评估。肌肉CSA通过计算机断层扫描确定，而小腿力量测量则使用专门设计的腿部约束系统和等速测力计进行。各组之间在跖屈力量（60度/秒和180度/秒时）或腓肠肌和比目鱼肌的CSA方面没有显著差异。在两个测试速度下，所有组的每CSA小腿肌肉力量也相似。这些数据表明，持续以相对较高水平跑步20 - 25年的中年长跑运动员，与跑步明显较少或根本不跑步的年龄匹配男性相比，其小腿肌肉CSA和力量相似。
