Strakowski S M, Sax K W, Setters M J, Keck P E
Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH 45267-0559, USA.
Biol Psychiatry. 1996 Nov 1;40(9):872-80. doi: 10.1016/0006-3223(95)00497-1.
Behavioral sensitization is the process whereby intermittent stimulant exposure produces a time-dependent, enduring, and progressively more robust behavioral response. This process serves as an important model of neural plasticity and has also been proposed as a model for a variety of psychiatric syndromes; however, there are no published controlled studies of behavioral sensitization in human subjects. The authors report results from a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of repeated d-amphetamine challenges in a sample of normal human volunteers. Eleven consecutively recruited normal volunteers participated in this 4-day protocol. Each subject received two daily doses of d-amphetamine (0.25 mg/kg) separated by 48 hours that alternated with two daily doses of matched placebo. Symptoms (activity/energy level, mood, rate, and amount of speech) and eye-blink rates were measured hourly for 5 hours following drug administration. All four measures demonstrated significantly enhanced increases following the second amphetamine dose as compared to the first amphetamine dose and both placebo conditions. These findings suggest that behavioral sensitization is measurable in human subjects.
行为敏化是指间歇性接触兴奋剂会产生一种随时间变化、持久且逐渐增强的行为反应的过程。这一过程是神经可塑性的重要模型，也被提议作为多种精神综合征的模型；然而，目前尚无关于人类行为敏化的已发表对照研究。作者报告了一项针对正常人类志愿者样本进行的重复右旋苯丙胺激发试验的双盲、安慰剂对照研究结果。连续招募的11名正常志愿者参与了这个为期4天的实验方案。每个受试者每天接受两剂右旋苯丙胺（0.25毫克/千克），间隔48小时，与两剂匹配的安慰剂交替使用。给药后5小时内，每小时测量症状（活动/能量水平、情绪、语速和言语量）和眨眼率。与第一次苯丙胺剂量及两种安慰剂情况相比，第二次苯丙胺剂量后所有四项测量指标均显示出显著增强的增加。这些发现表明行为敏化在人类受试者中是可测量的。
