Plácido J L, Cuesta C, Delgado L, da Silva J P, Miranda M, Ventas P, Vaz M
Department of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Hospital S. João, Porto, Portugal.
Allergy. 1996 Sep;51(9):633-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.1996.tb04683.x.
We investigated the levels of mite allergens (Der p 1, Der f 1, Der 2, and Lep d 1) in dust samples from the homes of 59 patients with asthma, 36 sensitized to house-dust mites (HDM) and 23 to grass pollen (controls), living in Porto, northern Portugal. The relationship between exposure and sensitization to HDM and the influence of housing conditions on mite-allergen levels were also evaluated. Der p 1 (median 9.2 micrograms/g) and Der 2 (4.6 micrograms/g) were the main allergens, while Der f 1 and Lep d 1 levels were always < 1 microgram/g dust and undetectable in 11% and 47% of samples, respectively. All HDM-sensitized asthmatics were exposed to Der p 1 levels > 2 micrograms/g and their homes contained significantly higher levels of Der p 1 (median 12.5 vs 6.4 micrograms/g; P = 0.008) and Der 2 (6.2 vs 3.0 micrograms/g; P = 0.004) when compared to the control group. A significant correlation was observed between the exposure to Der p 1 and the wheal area at skin testing with the Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) extract (P = 0.01) as well as with serum specific IgE levels to Dp (P = 0.03). Patients with higher levels of serum specific IgE (> or = 17.5 HRU/ml) were also more frequently exposed to Der p 1 levels > or = 10 micrograms/g (P = 0.002). Old homes, presence of carpets, and signs of dampness were conditions associated with significantly higher levels of mite allergens. In conclusion, we found high levels of Der p 1 and Der 2 particularly in the homes of HDM-sensitized patients and we confirm the relationship between exposure and sensitization to HDM, assessed by both in vivo and in vitro methods. In additional to a favorable outdoor climate, we found in our region housing conditions propitious to mite growth, suggesting that specific geographic characteristics must also be taken into account for the correct planning of mite-avoidance measures.
我们调查了居住在葡萄牙北部波尔图的59例哮喘患者家中灰尘样本中的螨过敏原（Der p 1、Der f 1、Der 2和Lep d 1）水平，其中36例对屋尘螨（HDM）致敏，23例对草花粉致敏（对照组）。还评估了HDM暴露与致敏之间的关系以及居住条件对螨过敏原水平的影响。Der p 1（中位数9.2微克/克）和Der 2（4.6微克/克）是主要过敏原，而Der f 1和Lep d 1水平始终<1微克/克灰尘，分别在11%和47%的样本中检测不到。所有HDM致敏的哮喘患者暴露于Der p 1水平>2微克/克，与对照组相比，他们家中Der p 1（中位数12.5对6.4微克/克；P = 0.008）和Der 2（6.2对3.0微克/克；P = 0.004）水平显著更高。在用尘螨提取物（Dp）进行皮肤试验时，观察到Der p 1暴露与风团面积之间存在显著相关性（P = 0.01），与Dp的血清特异性IgE水平也存在显著相关性（P = 0.03）。血清特异性IgE水平较高（≥17.5 HRU/ml）的患者也更频繁地暴露于Der p 1水平≥10微克/克（P = 0.002）。老房子、有地毯以及潮湿迹象是与螨过敏原水平显著较高相关的条件。总之，我们发现Der p 1和Der 2水平较高，尤其是在HDM致敏患者家中，并且我们通过体内和体外方法证实了HDM暴露与致敏之间的关系。除了宜人的户外气候外，我们发现在我们地区居住条件有利于螨生长，这表明在正确规划螨回避措施时还必须考虑特定的地理特征。
