Treiman K A, Beck K H
Dept. of Health Education, University of Maryland, College Park 20742, USA.
J Sch Health. 1996 Oct;66(8):299-304. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb03402.x.
This study of more than 1,300 high school students examined gender differences in the social context of drinking associated with four alcohol problem behaviors (high intensity drinking, binge drinking, driving while intoxicated, and riding with an alcohol impaired driver). A series of analyses treated five social contexts of drinking (Social Facilitation, School Defiance, Stress Control, Peer Acceptance, and Parental Approval) as dependent variables and revealed significant multivariate interaction effects between gender and all four alcohol problem behaviors. Male problem drinkers were more likely to drink in all social contexts than female problem drinkers or non-problem drinkers of both genders. Females were no more likely to drink in the context of Stress Control than males, a finding inconsistent with some previous research. The social contexts of Social Facilitation, School Defiance, and Stress Control were the best discriminators of problem versus non-problem drinkers of both genders (although the order of importance varied by gender and specific problem behavior). Implications for designing targeted interventions are discussed.
这项针对1300多名高中生的研究，考察了与四种酒精问题行为（高强度饮酒、暴饮、酒后驾车以及搭乘酒驾司机）相关的饮酒社交环境中的性别差异。一系列分析将五种饮酒社交环境（社交促进、学校叛逆、压力控制、同伴接纳和父母认可）作为因变量，并揭示了性别与所有四种酒精问题行为之间存在显著的多变量交互效应。男性问题饮酒者在所有社交环境中饮酒的可能性都高于女性问题饮酒者或两性中的非问题饮酒者。在压力控制环境下，女性饮酒的可能性并不比男性更高，这一发现与之前的一些研究不一致。社交促进、学校叛逆和压力控制的社交环境是区分两性问题饮酒者与非问题饮酒者的最佳因素（尽管重要性顺序因性别和具体问题行为而异）。文中还讨论了设计针对性干预措施的意义。
