Thombs D L, Beck K H, Mahoney C A, Bromley M D, Bezon K M
Dept. of Health Science, State University of New York, College at Brockport 14420.
J Sch Health. 1994 Feb;64(2):73-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.1994.tb06183.x.
An anonymous questionnaire was administered to more than 1,200 seventh to 12th grade students in four rural public schools in western New York State. The questionnaire measured alcohol use, the social contexts of drinking, and the personality trait known as "sensation seeking." A majority (57%) were drinkers, and discriminant function analyses were performed on their scores on these measures to determine if they could distinguish between different levels of alcohol use intensity, alcohol-impaired driving, and riding with an impaired driver. Results indicated social context measure were effective in distinguishing among levels on each indicant of abuse. In particular, high-intensity drinkers, impaired drivers, and riders of impaired drivers were more likely to drink in a context of social facilitation, stress control, and defiance of school and adult authority. The drinking context of peer acceptance was important only in distinguishing teen-agers who ride with drunk drivers from those who do not. Overall, the sensation seeking trait was of moderate importance in distinguishing among different alcohol abuse practices. Implications of these findings for assessment as well as school-based prevention programs are discussed.
一份匿名问卷被发放给纽约州西部四所农村公立学校的1200多名七至十二年级学生。该问卷测量了饮酒情况、饮酒的社会环境以及被称为“寻求刺激”的人格特质。大多数(57%)学生饮酒,对他们在这些测量指标上的得分进行判别函数分析,以确定这些指标能否区分不同程度的饮酒强度、酒后驾车以及与酒驾司机同乘情况。结果表明,社会环境指标在区分每种滥用指标的不同程度方面是有效的。特别是,高强度饮酒者、酒驾司机以及与酒驾司机同乘者更有可能在社交促进、压力控制以及无视学校和成人权威的环境中饮酒。同伴接受的饮酒环境仅在区分与酒驾司机同乘的青少年和不与酒驾司机同乘的青少年方面具有重要意义。总体而言,寻求刺激特质在区分不同的酒精滥用行为方面具有中等重要性。本文讨论了这些发现对评估以及基于学校的预防项目的意义。