Arenson C A, Novielli K D, Chambers C V, Perkel R L
Department of Family Medicine, Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Prim Care. 1996 Mar;23(1):67-82. doi: 10.1016/s0095-4543(05)70261-x.
The advance directive has been acknowledged widely by patients and physicians as a desirable tool to promote patient autonomy at the end of life. Rates of completion of advance directives, however, remain low among all segments of the population. Significant patient and physician barriers to completion of advance directives are considered. Legal and ethical principles of advance directives, as well as some practical means of overcoming barriers to these important discussions, are reviewed.
预先指示已被患者和医生广泛认可为一种在生命末期促进患者自主性的理想工具。然而，在所有人群中，预先指示的完成率仍然很低。本文考虑了患者和医生在完成预先指示方面存在的重大障碍。回顾了预先指示的法律和伦理原则，以及克服这些重要讨论障碍的一些实际方法。
