Oie S, Kamiya A
Department of Pharmacy, Yamaguchi University Hospital, Ube, Japan.
Am J Infect Control. 1996 Oct;24(5):389-95. doi: 10.1016/s0196-6553(96)90027-9.
There have been a number of reports on microbial contamination of antiseptics and disinfectants. At present, however, the necessity of measures to prevent contamination do not seem to be fully appreciated. We investigated microbial contamination of antiseptics and disinfectants that are used in our hospital.
Fifty-one samples of benzalkonium chloride and chlorhexidine gluconate that were being used in the hospital were examined. Viability of the contaminants detected in these samples was also tested in the agents. Then we examined measures to prevent contamination of these agents.
Microbial contamination was detected at 10(2) to 10(7) CFU/ml in the following samples: 6 of 23 samples of cotton balls soaked in 0.02% benzalkonium chloride kept in a canister for antisepsis and disinfection (26.1%); 7 of 13 samples of 0.02%, benzalkonium chloride or 0.02% chlorhexidine gluconate in an irrigation apparatus kept at 37 degrees C for vaginal douching (53.8%); and 9 of 15 samples of 0.02% benzalkonium chloride or 0.05% chlorhexidine gluconate for storage of suction catheters in a plastic bottle (60%). The major contaminants were Burkholderia cepacia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Xanthomonas maltophilia, and Pseudomonas fluorescens. The first two organisms examined grew in the agents. After improvements in the handling of the antiseptics and disinfectants, no microbial contamination was observed.
It is necessary to check microbial contamination of diluted benzalkonium chloride and diluted chlorhexidine gluconate that are in use. Such products are not recommended as antiseptics.
已有多篇关于防腐剂和消毒剂微生物污染的报道。然而，目前似乎尚未充分认识到采取预防污染措施的必要性。我们对我院使用的防腐剂和消毒剂的微生物污染情况进行了调查。
对医院正在使用的51份苯扎氯铵和葡萄糖酸氯己定样本进行了检测。还对这些样本中检测到的污染物在制剂中的生存能力进行了测试。然后我们研究了预防这些制剂污染的措施。
在以下样本中检测到微生物污染，污染程度为10²至10⁷CFU/ml：浸泡在0.02%苯扎氯铵中用于防腐消毒的罐子里的23个棉球样本中有6个（26.1%）；保存在37℃用于阴道冲洗的冲洗装置中0.02%苯扎氯铵或0.02%葡萄糖酸氯己定的13个样本中有7个（53.8%）；保存在塑料瓶中用于吸引导管储存的0.02%苯扎氯铵或0.05%葡萄糖酸氯己定的15个样本中有9个（60%）。主要污染物为洋葱伯克霍尔德菌、铜绿假单胞菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌和荧光假单胞菌。检测的前两种微生物能在制剂中生长。在改进防腐剂和消毒剂的处理方法后，未观察到微生物污染情况。
有必要检查正在使用的稀释苯扎氯铵和稀释葡萄糖酸氯己定的微生物污染情况。不推荐将此类产品用作防腐剂。
