Lambert B L
University of Illinois at Chicago, USA.
Soc Sci Med. 1996 Oct;43(8):1189-98. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(95)00370-3.
This study used Brown and Levinson's theory of politeness to gain a better understanding of the factors that influence pharmacists' messages to physicians. Specifically, perceived differences in power and social distance between pharmacist and physician were expected to influence the amount of politeness observed in pharmacists' messages. The effects of age, sex and practice context were also examined. Written messages were gathered from 210 community pharmacists and 112 hospital pharmacists in response to a hypothetical drug allergy scenario. Messages were segmented into independent clauses, and independent clauses were classified according to the politeness strategy used to make allergy reports and alternative drug recommendations respectively. Content analysis of the messages in relation to demographic variables revealed that age and practice context were significantly associated with the overall level of politeness of alternative drug recommendations, but not with overall politeness of allergy reports. Demographic factors were significantly related to perceptions of power and social distance, but, contrary to Brown and Levinson's prediction, these perceptions were not associated with variation in politeness. Regardless of other factors, recommendations were made more politely than reports. Implications for pharmacists' professional roles and identities are discussed.
本研究运用布朗和列文森的礼貌理论，以更好地理解影响药剂师向医生传达信息的因素。具体而言，预计药剂师与医生之间感知到的权力差异和社会距离会影响在药剂师信息中观察到的礼貌程度。同时还考察了年龄、性别和执业环境的影响。针对一个假设的药物过敏场景，收集了210名社区药剂师和112名医院药剂师的书面信息。信息被分割为独立子句，独立子句根据用于进行过敏报告和提出替代药物建议的礼貌策略进行分类。对与人口统计学变量相关的信息进行内容分析后发现，年龄和执业环境与替代药物建议的总体礼貌程度显著相关，但与过敏报告的总体礼貌程度无关。人口统计学因素与权力和社会距离的认知显著相关，但与布朗和列文森的预测相反，这些认知与礼貌程度的变化无关。无论其他因素如何，提出建议比进行报告更礼貌。文中讨论了对药剂师专业角色和身份的影响。
