Hughes Carmel M, Hawwa Ahmed F, Scullin Claire, Anderson Claire, Bernsten Cecilia B, Björnsdóttir Ingunn, Cordina Maria A, da Costa Filipa Alves, De Wulf Isabelle, Eichenberger Patrick, Foulon Veerle, Henman Martin C, Hersberger Kurt E, Schaefer Marion A, Søndergaard Birthe, Tully Mary P, Westerlund Tommy, McElnay James C
Clinical and Practice Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
Pharm World Sci. 2010 Aug;32(4):472-87. doi: 10.1007/s11096-010-9393-x. Epub 2010 May 11.
To investigate the provision of pharmaceutical care by community pharmacists across Europe and to examine the various factors that could affect its implementation.
A questionnaire-based survey of community pharmacies was conducted within 13 European countries. The questionnaire consisted of two sections. The first section focussed on demographic data and services provided in the pharmacy. The second section was a slightly adapted version of the Behavioral Pharmaceutical Care Scale (BPCS) which consists of three main dimensions (direct patient care activities, referral and consultation activities and instrumental activities).
Response rates ranged from 10-71% between countries. The mean total score achieved by community pharmacists, expressed as a percentage of the total score achievable, ranged from 31.6 (Denmark) to 52.2% (Ireland). Even though different aspects of pharmaceutical care were implemented to different extents across Europe, it was noted that the lowest scores were consistently achieved in the direct patient care dimension (particularly those related to documentation, patient assessment and implementation of therapeutic objectives and monitoring plans) followed by performance evaluation and evaluation of patient satisfaction. Pharmacists who dispensed higher daily numbers of prescriptions in Ireland, Germany and Switzerland had significantly higher total BPCS scores. In addition, pharmacists in England and Ireland who were supported in their place of work by other pharmacists scored significantly higher on referral and consultation and had a higher overall provision of pharmaceutical care.
The present findings suggest that the provision of pharmaceutical care in community pharmacy is still limited within Europe. Pharmacists were routinely engaged in general activities such as patient record screening but were infrequently involved in patient centred professional activities such as the implementation of therapeutic objectives and monitoring plans, or in self-evaluation of performance.
调查欧洲各地社区药剂师提供药学服务的情况，并研究可能影响其实施的各种因素。
在13个欧洲国家对社区药房进行了基于问卷的调查。问卷由两部分组成。第一部分重点关注药房的人口统计数据和提供的服务。第二部分是行为药学服务量表（BPCS）的略微改编版，该量表由三个主要维度组成（直接患者护理活动、转诊和咨询活动以及辅助活动）。
各国的回复率在10%至71%之间。社区药剂师获得的平均总分（以可获得的总分的百分比表示）在31.6%（丹麦）至52.2%（爱尔兰）之间。尽管药学服务的不同方面在欧洲各地的实施程度不同，但值得注意的是，直接患者护理维度的得分始终最低（特别是那些与记录、患者评估以及治疗目标和监测计划的实施相关的得分），其次是绩效评估和患者满意度评估。在爱尔兰、德国和瑞士，每日处方调配量较高的药剂师的BPCS总分显著更高。此外，在英国和爱尔兰，在工作场所得到其他药剂师支持的药剂师在转诊和咨询方面得分显著更高，并且提供的药学服务总体水平更高。
目前的研究结果表明，欧洲社区药房的药学服务提供仍然有限。药剂师通常从事诸如患者记录筛查等一般活动，但很少参与以患者为中心的专业活动，如治疗目标和监测计划的实施，或绩效自我评估。
