Kosslyn S M, Shin L M, Thompson W L, McNally R J, Rauch S L, Pitman R K, Alpert N M
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Neuroreport. 1996 Jul 8;7(10):1569-76. doi: 10.1097/00001756-199607080-00007.
Cerebral blood flow was recorded (using positron emission tomography) while middle-aged subjects viewed or visualized pictures of neutral or aversive stimuli, and then determined whether auditorily presented statements correctly described the stimuli. Visualizing aversive stimuli enhanced cerebral blood flow, relative to visualizing neutral stimuli, in areas 17 (right) and 18 (bilateral), as well as the anterior insula (bilateral) and middle frontal cortex (left). Areas 17 and 18 have been identified as supporting the representations that underlie the experience of imagery, and the anterior insula is a major cortical recipient of input from the autonomic nervous system. Perceiving aversive stimuli enhanced cerebral blood flow, relative to neutral stimuli, in area 46, the angular gyrus and area 19, area 47, and the middle temporal gyrus (all in the left hemisphere). All of these areas have previously been implicated in visual object identification. It is striking that negative emotion did not modulate activation in any areas in the same way during imagery and perception.
在中年受试者观看或想象中性或厌恶刺激的图片时，记录其脑血流量（使用正电子发射断层扫描），然后确定听觉呈现的陈述是否正确描述了这些刺激。相对于想象中性刺激，想象厌恶刺激会增强17区（右侧）、18区（双侧）、前脑岛（双侧）和额中回（左侧）的脑血流量。17区和18区已被确定为支持构成意象体验基础的表征，而前脑岛是来自自主神经系统输入的主要皮质接受区。相对于中性刺激，感知厌恶刺激会增强46区、角回、19区、47区和颞中回（均在左半球）的脑血流量。所有这些区域先前都与视觉物体识别有关。令人惊讶的是，在想象和感知过程中，负面情绪并未以相同方式调节任何区域的激活。
