Vincke J, Bolton R
AIDS Reference Center, University of Ghent, Flanders, Belgium.
J Homosex. 1996;31(4):107-21. doi: 10.1300/J082v31n04_05.
This study describes the sources and level of social support of Flemish gay men using data from surveys conducted in 1989 (n = 379) and 1993 (n = 553). Five indicators of social support were used: positive appraisal, perceived isolation, enacted social support, perceived material support, and perceived emotional support. The main results, which are cross validated across the two samples, are as follows. Most men score high on all five indicators of social support. Social relationship conflicts are either nonspecific or related to the steady partner. Isolation and lack of positive appraisal are also nonspecific or related to gay friends. Parents still function as important sources of material support. Men without a steady partner and men with low socioeconomic status experience more isolation. Single men also report less positive appraisal, while older men have less material support.
本研究利用1989年（n = 379）和1993年（n = 553）进行的调查数据，描述了弗拉芒同性恋男性的社会支持来源和水平。使用了五个社会支持指标：积极评价、感知到的孤立、实际得到的社会支持、感知到的物质支持和感知到的情感支持。在两个样本中交叉验证的主要结果如下。大多数男性在所有五个社会支持指标上得分都很高。社会关系冲突要么不具特异性，要么与稳定伴侣有关。孤立和缺乏积极评价也不具特异性，或者与同性恋朋友有关。父母仍然是重要的物质支持来源。没有稳定伴侣的男性和社会经济地位较低的男性感到更孤立。单身男性也报告说积极评价较少，而年长男性得到的物质支持较少。
