Forrester D J, McLaughlin G S, Telford S R, Foster G W, McCown J W
Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA.
J Med Entomol. 1996 Jan;33(1):96-101. doi: 10.1093/jmedent/33.1.96.
During a 7-yr period (1984-1990), 300 white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann), from 7 localities in Collier, Dade, and Monroe counties in southern Florida were examined for ectoparasites. Eight species were identified: 4 ticks [Ixodes scapularis Say, I. affinis Neumann, Amblyomma maculatum (Koch), and Dermacentor variabilis (Say)], 1 chigger mite [Eutrombicula splendens (Ewing)], 1 ked (Lipoptena mazamae Rondani), 1 chewing louse [Tricholipeurus lipeuroides (Megnin)], and 1 sucking louse [Solenopotes binipilosus (Fahrenholz)]. The most widely distributed and prevalent species were the deer ked L. mazamae and the blacklegged tick I. scapularis, both of which occurred in all 7 localities, in all years, and in all age classes of deer. Their overall prevalences were 82 and 22%, respectively. The prevalence of L. mazamae varied significantly by month. L. mazamae should be considered a core ectoparasite species of white-tailed deer in southern Florida because of its specificity, distribution, and high prevalence.
在1984年至1990年的7年期间，对来自佛罗里达州南部科利尔、戴德和门罗县7个地点的300只白尾鹿（Odocoileus virginianus Zimmermann）进行了体外寄生虫检查。共鉴定出8个物种：4种蜱[肩突硬蜱（Ixodes scapularis Say）、近缘硬蜱（I. affinis Neumann）、斑点钝缘蜱（Amblyomma maculatum Koch）和变异革蜱（Dermacentor variabilis Say）]、1种恙螨[华丽真恙螨（Eutrombicula splendens Ewing）]、1种厩蝇（Lipoptena mazamae Rondani）、1种嚼虱[毛状蜱虱（Tricholipeurus lipeuroides Megnin）]和1种吸虱[双毛管虱（Solenopotes binipilosus Fahrenholz）]。分布最广、最为常见的物种是厩蝇L. mazamae和黑脚蜱I. scapularis，这两种寄生虫在所有7个地点、所有年份以及所有年龄段的鹿身上均有出现。它们的总体感染率分别为82%和22%。L. mazamae的感染率随月份有显著变化。鉴于其特异性、分布范围和高感染率，L. mazamae应被视为佛罗里达州南部白尾鹿的一种核心体外寄生虫物种。
