Obi C L, Coker A O, Epoke J, Ndip R
Department of Microbiology, Edo State University, Ekpoma, Nigeria.
Cent Afr J Med. 1995 Dec;41(12):397-403.
Two thousand four hundred stool samples comprising 1 200 each from diarrhoeal and non-diarrhoeal (control) cases with 600 of each category from urban and rural areas were screened for the prevalence of Aeromonas and Plesiomonas species in the different groups. Thirty (5 pc) and (14,8 pc) of Aeromonas species and 14 (2,3 pc) and 46 (7,7 pc) of Plesiomonas shigelloides were isolated from urban and rural areas respectively for diarrhoea cases. Only eight (1,3 pc) and 18 (3 pc) of Aeromonas spp. from urban and rural areas respectively and none of P. shigelloides were isolated from controls. Both organisms were more commonly associated with females than males. This may be attributable to the fact that both organisms are environmental water bacteria and in rural areas, because females engage more in domestic activities than males have more frequent contacts with the water sources such as rivers, streams, ponds. Most rural areas lack piped water supply. Diarrhoea due to both organisms was associated with fever and vomiting: mainly watery but mucoid and bloody stools were also noted. Antiobiogram of isolates showed over 70 pc resistance to ampicillin and streptomycin in both rural and urban areas whereas over 90 pc of both organisms were sensitive to nalidixic acid and gentamycin in urban and rural areas. Antibiogram of isolates was independent of age, sex and area of residence. Finally, for cases of infections due to Aeromonas spp. and P. shigelloides, the use of gentamycin, nalidixic acid and nitrofurantoin would be appropriate in both urban and rural areas.
对2400份粪便样本进行了筛查，其中腹泻病例和非腹泻（对照）病例各1200份，城市和农村地区各600份，以检测不同组中气单胞菌属和类志贺邻单胞菌的流行情况。腹泻病例中，分别从城市和农村地区分离出30株（5%）和气单胞菌属（14.8%），以及14株（2.3%）和46株（7.7%）类志贺邻单胞菌。对照组中，分别仅从城市和农村地区分离出8株（1.3%）和气单胞菌属，未分离出类志贺邻单胞菌。这两种细菌在女性中比在男性中更常见。这可能是由于这两种细菌都是环境水生细菌，在农村地区，由于女性比男性更多地参与家务活动，与河流、溪流、池塘等水源的接触更频繁。大多数农村地区缺乏管道供水。这两种细菌引起的腹泻都与发热和呕吐有关：主要是水样便，但也注意到有黏液便和血便。分离株的抗菌谱显示，在农村和城市地区，超过70%的菌株对氨苄西林和链霉素耐药，而超过90%的两种细菌对萘啶酸和庆大霉素敏感。分离株的抗菌谱与年龄、性别和居住地区无关。最后，对于气单胞菌属和类志贺邻单胞菌引起的感染病例，在城市和农村地区使用庆大霉素、萘啶酸和呋喃妥因都是合适的。
