Lekholm U, Sennerby L, Roos J, Becker W
Brånemark Clinic, Public Dental Health Service, Göteborg, Sweden.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1996 Sep-Oct;11(5):599-604.
The purpose of this retrospective clinical investigation was to study possible soft tissue complications and marginal bone resorption related to exposed threads of osseointegrated Brånemark oral implants during a 5-year period. Group 1 comprised 27 patients with 38 test implants that had not become completely covered with bone at implant placement. Thirty control implants in 25 of the patients were each next to a test implant and had no exposed threads initially. Group 2 comprised 51 patients with 107 test implants that had developed marginal bone loss beyond the second thread, as judged radiographically at the first annual checkup. Forty-eight control implants showed no or minor marginal bone resorption up to the first thread. Initial marginal defects and fenestrations at Brånemark implants (group 1) did not lead to mucosal problems or progressive marginal bone resorption during the first 5 years of function. Moreover, bone resorption, seen after the first year of loading at initially completely bone-covered implants, did not lead to any specific soft tissue problems, nor did it result in any further progressive bone resorption during a subsequent 4-year period. Based on the observed low incidence of soft tissue pathology at implants with exposed threads, it is suggested that bone augmentation techniques in the situations studied be used with restriction.
这项回顾性临床研究的目的是，在5年期间研究与骨结合型布伦马克口腔种植体暴露螺纹相关的可能的软组织并发症和边缘骨吸收情况。第1组包括27例患者，有38颗试验种植体，在种植时未完全被骨覆盖。25例患者中的30颗对照种植体，每颗都紧邻一颗试验种植体，最初无暴露螺纹。第2组包括51例患者，有107颗试验种植体，在首次年度检查时经影像学判断，其边缘骨丢失超过第二螺纹。48颗对照种植体在第一螺纹处未显示或仅有轻微的边缘骨吸收。布伦马克种植体（第1组）最初的边缘缺损和开窗在功能的最初5年未导致黏膜问题或边缘骨吸收进展。此外，最初完全被骨覆盖的种植体在加载1年后出现的骨吸收，未导致任何特定的软组织问题，在随后4年期间也未导致任何进一步的边缘骨吸收进展。基于观察到的暴露螺纹种植体软组织病变的低发生率，建议在所研究的情况下限制使用骨增量技术。
